Oriental Journal of Medicine and Pharmacology

EFFECT OF ARTIFICIAL BLOOD CIRCULATION ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEUROLOGICAL COMPLICATIONS IN CARDIAC SURGERY PATIENTS

2025-03-26T01:10:55+00:00

Cardiac surgeries involving cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) are highly effective, but they can lead to serious neurological complications. These include ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes, cognitive dysfunction, delirium, and other central nervous system disorders. This article provides a detailed analysis of the key pathophysiological mechanisms associated with CPB-related complications, including microembolism, hemodynamic disturbances, hypothermia, and its effects on brain tissue. The role of perioperative pharmacological agents (beta-blockers, heparin, insulin) in influencing neurological risk is also explored. The authors emphasize the importance of early stroke risk assessment, timely identification of high-risk patients, and the implementation of preventive strategies to reduce the incidence of such complications.

INSTRUMENTAL INDICATORS OF TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACKS IN URBAN AND RURAL POPULATIONS OF THE KASHKADARYA REGION

2025-09-12T16:21:39+00:00

TIA (transient ischemic attack) often occurs with rapidly reversible neurological disorders, and the standard clinical examination does not always provide sufficient information. Instrumental methods — CT/MRI, Dopplerography, and neurophysiological tests — are the only objective tools for timely detection of structural and functional changes.

THE LINK BETWEEN AIR POLLUTION AND ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE

2025-04-24T09:31:00+00:00

This article analyzes the relationship between air pollution and ischemic heart disease. The study examined the levels of the main air pollutants — PM2.5, PM10, NO₂ and CO — and statistics on hospital visits for heart disease. According to the results, high levels of air pollution lead to an increase in heart disease, especially ischemic heart disease. This article may be useful for industry experts, healthcare professionals and environmental policy makers.

SYNERGETIC INFLUENCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND NUTRITIONAL FACTORS ON THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

2025-09-30T06:39:26+00:00

This article examines the relationship and interaction of environmental and nutritional factors in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Based on an analysis of current scientific sources, it emphasizes that environmental pollution (PM2.5, NO₂, heavy metals, organic toxins) and unfavorable nutrition (excess trans fats, salt, antioxidant deficiency) exert a synergistic effect on the development of inflammatory and degenerative changes in the cardiovascular system. Special attention is given to the mechanism of factor interaction, which includes oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and mitochondrial disturbances. The necessity of a comprehensive preventive approach based on improving nutrition quality and reducing environmental risk exposure is justified.

EARLY DETECTION OF ACUTE ISCHEMIC IMPAIRMENT OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW BY MULTI-SPIRAL CT PERFUSION OF THE BRAIN

2025-08-30T07:42:31+00:00

Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is one of the leading causes of mortality and disability worldwide. Early diagnosis and timely treatment are crucial from both medical and socio-economic perspectives. Modern neuroimaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) play a key role in the diagnostic process. However, standard CT scans may fail to detect early ischemic changes, limiting their use in the acute phase. Recently, multislice CT (MSCT) perfusion imaging has gained importance in the urgent diagnosis of ischemic stroke by quantitatively assessing cerebral blood flow, identifying perfusion deficits, and distinguishing the infarct core from the ischemic penumbra. This article analyzes the diagnostic value of MSCT perfusion in early ischemic stroke detection, compares it with traditional methods, and discusses its role in optimizing treatment strategies.