This article examines grammatical transformations in literary translation using passages from Ernest Hemingway’s The Old Man and the Sea. The English original is compared with its Russian and Uzbek translations. Selected examples illustrate sentence splitting, grammatical substitution, addition, and omission. The article also considers cases in which grammatical changes occur alongside lexical shifts and antonymic translation. The comparison shows how changes in sentence structure can help convey the meaning of the original clearly in the target language.

literary translation, grammatical transformation, comparative analysis, sentence splitting, grammatical substitution, addition, omission, The Old Man and the Sea.

Musayev Q. Tarjima nazariyasi asoslari. – T:. Fan, 2005 – 352 b

G‘ofurov I, Mo‘minov O. Tarjima nazariyasi. – T: Fan, 2012. – 216 b.

Комиссаров В.Н. Слова о переводе. – М:. Международные отнощения. 1973. –211 с.

Рецкер Я.И. Задачи сопоставительного анализа переводов. – Л.: ЛГУ, 1962. – 72 с.

Hemingway E. The Old Man and The Sea. – Toshkent: Fan, 2016. – 95 p.

Фуентос Г. Cтарик и море. Хемингуэй Э. – М.: Правда, 1989.– 45 б.

Хеменгуэй Э. Чол ва денгиз. (русчадан Иброхим Ғoфуров таржимаси). – Тошкент: Янги аср авлоди, 2014.– 97 b.

http://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/enc3p/254006/РЕМАРКА

http://www.hi–edu.ru/ebooks2/xbook095/01/index.html

http://az.lib.ru/o/ostrowskij_a_n/text_0320.shtml

http://play–translate.livejournal.com/753.html