Oriental Journal of Social Sciences

MODERN MECHANISMS OF MIND MANIPULATION AND MANKURTIZATION IN THE MEDIA SPACE: A SOCIO-PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS

2026-10-18T05:54:08+00:00

This article analyzes the modern mechanisms of mind manipulation and the processes of “digital mankurtization” in the media space from a socio-philosophical perspective. The impact of manipulative tools such as information fragmentation, the formation of “clip thinking”, virtual simulacra, and algorithmic echo chambers on the ontological and epistemological essence of a person is revealed. In conclusion, the study substantiates the priority directions for ensuring information and psychological security by forming stable cognitive and ideological immunity among youth and developing independent intellectual thinking instead of relying on traditional prohibitions.

THE POLITICAL DIMENSION OF EDUCATIONAL COOPERATION IN JAPAN’S HUMAN CAPITAL DIPLOMACY IN UZBEKISTAN

2026-10-30T10:24:40+00:00

The article analyses educational cooperation between Uzbekistan and Japan as an independent political resource of the bilateral relationship. The research problem is that the high level of political dialogue is not matched by trade and economic indicators; this structural asymmetry is conceptualised as an “opportunity gap”. The methodological framework is analytic eclecticism, combining liberal-institutional and constructivist explanatory logics, with document analysis and process tracing as the research strategy.

The novelty of the study lies in proposing educational and human resource cooperation as a distinct analytical category-“human capital diplomacy”- differentiated from both soft power and official development assistance.

The analysis establishes that the institutional density of the educational channel exceeds that of the trade channel, and that human capital diplomacy performs three political functions: elite socialisation, the formation of a reputational resource, and institutional stabilisation. Since December 2025 the channel has been shifting from the logic of development assistance towards the logic of joint institutions.

Human capital diplomacy performs a compensatory function with respect to the opportunity gap; however, unless educational outcomes are linked to economic outcomes, the gap is mitigated rather than closed.

NATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC-EDUCATIONAL INTEGRATION IN COUNTERING MASS CULTURE

2026-10-11T18:40:06+00:00

The article examines the influence of mass culture on young people’s worldview, values, and national identity amid globalization and digitalization. It argues that integrating national values, historical memory, folk pedagogy, scientific thinking, science popularization, national arts, and digital pedagogy strengthens youth cultural identity and is preferable to restrictive measures.

STATE SOCIAL POLICY OF THE SOVIET GOVERNMENT IN UZBEKISTAN: MAIN FORMS AND STAGES OF IMPLEMENTATION

2026-10-25T12:18:59+00:00

This article analyzes the main directions and stages of social policy implemented in Uzbekistan during the Soviet period. It examines housing and communal services, social security and social protection of the population, as well as the establishment and development of the healthcare system.

MUSEUMS AS INSTITUTIONS OF NATIONAL IDENTITY: THE RE-EXPOSITIONS OF 2024–2026 AND THE NARRATIVE OF THREE RENAISSANCES IN UZBEKISTAN

2026-10-16T01:57:51+00:00

The article examines the renewal of the leading historical museums of Uzbekistan in 2024–2026 as a distinct stage in the institutional representation of national identity. Four cases are analysed: the State Museum of History of Uzbekistan, reopened in its 150th year; the State Museum of the History of the Temurids, reconstructed for the 690th anniversary of Amir Temur; the Centre of Islamic Civilisation, opened in March 2026; and the National Museum of Uzbekistan, under construction since August 2025. Official communications are read together with Uzbekistani museology and foreign studies of heritage; the permanent display is treated as a narrative formed by the titles and sequence of halls.

FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS OF PHOTOGRAPHY CLUBS IN UZBEKISTAN DURING THE SOVIET PERIOD

2026-10-27T11:55:16+00:00

The article examines the emergence, organizational forms, and development of photography clubs in Uzbekistan during the Soviet period based on historical sources. It identifies the key factors underlying the transition from individual engagement in photography to collective activity and examines the role of photography clubs in this process.

In particular, the study analyzes the formation of the organizational foundations of amateur photography in the 1920s and 1930s through the activities of the journal Sovetskoe Foto, various public organizations, clubs, and educational institutions. Using photographic activities in Tashkent and Samarkand as examples, the article demonstrates the links between local amateur photographers and photography processes at the all-Union level. It also examines the activities of photography clubs in the 1950s–1980s at palaces of culture, Young Pioneers’ palaces, schools, and other institutions, highlighting their significance in developing photographic knowledge and practical skills among young people. The study provides a scholarly assessment of the influence of photographic technology, specialized training, exhibitions and competitions, as well as mass media, on the development of photography clubs.

CRIME AMONG WOMEN AND MEASURES TO PREVENT IT IN UZBEKISTAN

2026-10-24T04:41:10+00:00

This article provides detailed information about the emergence of crime among women in Uzbekistan, the problems in family relationships that cause it, and measures to prevent them. It also analyzes the activities of women's organizations in the republic with partner organizations to eliminate crime against women, practical actions to help women who have served their sentences find a career and take their place in society, and their results.

PEDAGOGICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL VIEWS OF ABU ALI IBN SINA

2026-10-15T15:49:39+00:00

The article analyzes Abu Ali ibn Sina’s views on education and upbringing, in particular his ideas on collective schooling, the requirements for teachers, the classification of sciences and moral virtues. The scholar’s pedagogical ideas are compared with the principles of modern education, and their relevance today is shown.

AGRICULTURE, CRAFTS AND TRADE IN THE LOWER ZARAFSHAN: THE SUBORDINATION OF THE ECONOMY OF THE EMIRATE OF BUKHARA TO THE RUSSIAN MARKET (LATE 19TH – EARLY 20TH CENTURY)

2026-10-27T05:21:49+00:00

The article analyses the state of agriculture, handicrafts and trade in the Zarafshan Valley within the Emirate of Bukhara, which was politically dependent on the Russian Empire in the second half of the 19th and the early 20th century, in connection with the emirate’s administrative system. It shows how the tenure of amlok, mulk and waqf lands, a tax system consisting of kharaj, zakat and unlawful levies, the practice of tax farming and the unequal distribution of Zarafshan water affected peasant households. Relying on data from the qushbegi’s chancellery, studies on the history of taxation and trade, and contemporaries’ observations, the study reveals how the influx of Russian factory goods led to the decline of some crafts and the adaptation of others, how foreign trade and customs policy passed under Russian control, and what consequences this had for the emirate’s treasury and the livelihood of the population.

THE THEORY OF VISUAL SOURCES: BASED ON THE COLLECTIONS OF THE STATE MUSEUM-RESERVE “SAMARKAND”

2026-10-18T15:51:45+00:00

This article examines the methodological foundations of visual source theory through the case study of the fine arts collections of the State Museum-Reserve “Samarkand.” The research is based on documents of the State Museum-Reserve “Samarkand,” inventory records, and electronic catalogues. A total of 3,477 museum collection items were analyzed, including graphic works (KP – 1,266 items; IKP – 716 items) and paintings (KP – 1,128 items; IKP – 367 items).

The article distinguishes between visual sources (paintings, graphic works, sketches, portraits, and miniatures) and audiovisual sources (film documents and video recordings), and substantiates their epistemological characteristics as historical sources, particularly in relation to the foundations and processes of historical knowledge. The collection, comprising works by more than 170 authors active from the late nineteenth century to the second half of the twentieth century, was examined using iconographic, historical-comparative, and provenance-based approaches to establish the origin and source history of the objects.

INTERPRETATION OF ISSUES OF HUMANITY, FREEDOM AND MORALITY IN THE WORKS OF ERKIN YUSUPOV

2026-10-14T04:31:23+00:00

This article comprehensively analyzes the socio-philosophical interpretation of the issues of man, freedom and morality in the works of Erkin Yusupov. In the author's views, man is interpreted as a conscious and active subject, and his essence is explained by self-awareness, spiritual maturity and formation in the system of social relations. The concept of freedom is necessarily considered in dialectical unity and is illuminated in connection with the conscious choice, responsibility and social activity of man. The article substantiates the system of moral values, the role of moral norms in the stability of society and their importance in regulating individual behavior. It also reveals the practical significance of Yusupov's philosophy in modern society, education and upbringing, and emphasizes that his ideas are an important methodological basis for the formation of the younger generation as a complete person.

A HISTORICAL AND SOURCE-CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF ADMINISTRATIVE-TERRITORIAL TERMINOLOGY IN THE FERGANA VALLEY DURING THE REIGN OF AMIR TEMUR AND THE TIMURIDS

2026-10-25T13:31:24+00:00

This article analyzes the main terms describing the administrative-territorial governance system of the Fergana Valley during the reign of Amir Temur and the Timurid dynasty, including viloyat, tuman, urchin, navohi, bo‘luk, and kent, based on the Baburnama and other contemporary historical sources. The conventional use of the term “beklik”, which is not attested in the sources, as a research term is also discussed. The article identifies the positions of these terms within the administrative-territorial hierarchy, their similarities and differences, and the territorial and geographical scope of their usage.

DEMOGRAPHIC SITUATION OF THE UZBEK SSR IN THE 50S-80S OF THE 20TH CENTURY

2026-10-18T06:19:05+00:00

This article covers the demographic situation of the Uzbek SSR in the 50s-80s of the 20th centure. The post-war situation, the population that overcame its consequences, their number and composition are presented. Also, information is provided about the factors that caused the population increase in the 50s-60s, and a slight decrease in the population in the 70s-80s.

TASKS OF ENHANCING THE CULTURE OF ORGANIZING AND CONDUCTING NATIONAL CEREMONIES

2026-10-14T04:05:12+00:00

The article examines, from a socio-philosophical perspective, a priority direction in optimising national rites under globalisation, namely the enhancement of the culture of their organisation and performance. The author defines the content of this notion, substantiates seven principles of its improvement and proposes a set of tasks across eight directions.

FORMATION AND SIGNIFICANCE OF INCLUSIVE POLITICAL GOVERNANCE IN UZBEKISTAN

2026-10-25T12:26:59+00:00

This article analyzes the process of forming inclusive political governance in Uzbekistan, its theoretical and practical foundations, as well as its significance for the development of a democratic society. Particular attention is paid to ensuring the equal and active participation of citizens in political processes, protecting the political rights and interests of various social groups, and establishing the principles of inclusiveness within the system of public administration.

CONCEPTUAL MODELS INFLUENCING THE DEVELOPMENT OF YOUTH MILITARY SERVICE CULTURE

2026-10-18T05:41:51+00:00

This article examines the socio-philosophical foundations of developing youth military service culture in the context of globalization and the information age. The study provides a comparative analysis of the institutional (traditional), occupational (professional-pragmatic), cognitive-informational, and national spiritual-integration models that determine youth's attitudes toward military service. The necessity of gradually abandoning traditional imperative (command-based) methods and introducing modern approaches based on persuasion, “social mobility,” and digital communication in the military-patriotic education of youth in the conditions of New Uzbekistan is scientifically substantiated. Furthermore, practical and methodological recommendations are developed to ensure social integration between the army and society.

THE ROLE OF CIVIL SOCIETY INSTITUTIONS IN DEVELOPING REGIONAL COOPERATION IN CENTRAL ASIA: TRACK II AND PEOPLE’S DIPLOMACY

2026-10-28T13:17:04+00:00

The article analyses the role of civil society institutions in developing regional cooperation in Central Asia through Track II and people’s diplomacy. Using qualitative content analysis and comparative methods, it examines the concept of Track II diplomacy, foreign experience and the transnational advocacy network approach. The study substantiates the establishment of “political dialogue clubs”, a regional NGO network in health care and social protection, and informal expert dialogues on water, ecology and migration as tools for strengthening trust and regional integration.

FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS OF PHOTOGRAPHY CLUBS IN UZBEKISTAN DURING THE SOVIET PERIOD

2026-10-24T04:55:34+00:00

In particular, the study analyzes the formation of the organizational foundations of amateur photography in the 1920s and 1930s through the activities of the journal Sovetskoe Foto, various public organizations, clubs, and educational institutions. Using photographic activities in Tashkent and Samarkand as examples, the article demonstrates the links between local amateur photographers and photography processes at the all-Union level. It also examines the activities of photography clubs in the 1950s–1980s at cultural centers, Young Pioneers’ palaces, schools, and other institutions, highlighting their significance in developing photographic knowledge and practical skills among young people. The study provides a scholarly assessment of the influence of photographic technology, specialized training, exhibitions and competitions, as well as mass media, on the development of photography clubs.

KHWANDAMIR’S “MAOSIR AL-MULUK” AS A SOURCE FOR THE HISTORICAL RECONSTRUCTION OF URBAN PLANNING CULTURE AND THE WAQF SYSTEM IN THE TIMURID PERIOD

2026-10-15T17:15:16+00:00

This article examines Giyasiddin Khwandamir’s “Maosir al-muluk” (composed c. 905/1499-1500) as a source for reconstructing the urban planning culture and waqf institutions of the Timurid state (771-911/1370-1506). The work is analyzed through the source-studies (manbashunoslik) method of comparative-historical criticism, placing Khwandamir’s testimony in dialogue with a corpus of roughly twenty Timurid-era and pre-Timurid chronicles, diplomatic accounts, and surviving legal deeds (waqfnamahs), as well as with the modern Turkish, Central Asian, and Western historiographical traditions that have engaged this material. The analysis addresses three interlocking themes: the spatial-architectural typology of Timurid Samarkand and Herat, the legal-economic anatomy of the waqf system, including its administrative personnel and its dialectical relationship with soyurghal and tarkhan land grants, and the agrarian-hydraulic infrastructure that sustained both cities. The results indicate that “Maosir al-muluk” functions not as an ordinary court chronicle but as an institutional and juridical synthesis that bridges the more rhetorical narrative accounts (Yazdi, Ibn Arabshah, Clavijo) and the archival record. The discussion situates these findings within the broader historiography and concludes that Khwandamir’s treatise remains an indispensable, if not independently sufficient, source that requires triangulation against archival waqfnamahs and comparative chronicles for empirical verification.

NATIONAL AND SPIRITUAL FEATURES OF THE PHENOMENON OF TRUST IN STRENGTHENING SOCIAL RELATIONS IN UZBEK SOCIETY: THEORY, EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS, AND INSTITUTIONAL TRANSFORMATION

2026-10-27T11:49:49+00:00

This research article provides a comprehensive analysis of the national and spiritual foundations, genesis, internal structure, and contemporary institutional transformation of the phenomenon of trust that contributes to the stability and development of social relations in Uzbek society, following the IMRAD (Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion) structure. The concept of trust is examined in the context of settled agricultural culture, the mahalla institution, family values, the philosophical and ethical heritage of Eastern thinkers, and Islamic ethics, and is compared with contemporary legal and rational criteria. The study synthesizes Robert Putnam’s theory of social capital (bonding and bridging trust), the conceptual approaches of contemporary Russian sociologists (P.M. Kozyreva, Yu.V. Veselov, and S.Sh. Kaziev), and conceptual models developed by leading international research institutions through the prism of national experience. Within the framework of the study, an integrative five-component model of the phenomenon of trust in Uzbekistan is developed, and the mechanisms for transforming traditional trust into institutional and civic forms of trust are scientifically substantiated.

ANTHROPOLOGICAL IDENTIFICATION OF WOMEN IN NEW UZBEKISTAN

2026-10-24T04:26:34+00:00

This article examines the issues of anthropological identification of women in the context of New Uzbekistan from a socio-philosophical perspective. The author analyzes the processes of women's national, religious, cultural, and gender identity formation within the framework of globalization, the information society, and contemporary social transformations. The study explores the significance of identity in the life of the individual, society, and the state, as well as the role of national and religious values in shaping women's personalities and the social factors influencing gender identification. Particular attention is paid to the role of Uzbek women in preserving national identity, ensuring the continuity of spiritual heritage, and maintaining social stability through an anthropological approach. The findings indicate that national and cultural values serve as important factors in the socialization and self-awareness of women.

SOCIO-PHILOSOPHICAL INTERPRETATION OF THE CONCEPTS OF "POVERTY AND POVERTY REDUCTION" AND THEIR ROLE IN IMPACT REQUIREMENTS

2026-10-14T07:24:55+00:00

This article analyzes the socio-philosophical essence of the phenomenon of poverty and its relationship with human thinking, spirituality, social justice, and human capital. The process of poverty reduction is considered not only as an improvement in economic indicators, but also as a comprehensive social process aimed at expanding people's opportunities in education, healthcare, employment, social participation, and the realization of their potential. The study employs logical, comparative, and socio-philosophical methods of analysis to examine the interrelationship between human capital, social inclusion, economic sustainability, spiritual renewal, and modern technologies in the process of poverty reduction. The results demonstrate that the effectiveness of poverty reduction depends not only on expanding economic opportunities but also on developing human thinking, social responsibility, and spiritual and moral values.

SPECIFIC FEATURES OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TRADITIONAL VALUES AND SOCIAL CONSCIOUSNESS

2026-10-25T13:39:44+00:00

The article analyzes, from a socio-philosophical perspective, the specific features of the relationship between traditional values and social consciousness. It examines such properties of traditional values as historicity, collectivity and continuity, as well as their dialectical relationship with personal values. The author argues that the spiritual connection between traditional values and social consciousness is realized through several interrelated mechanisms: socialization, education, upbringing, imitation, social memory and reinterpretation. It is also shown that under globalization and the digital information environment, the preservation of traditional values depends on their ability to adapt to new conditions, as well as on media literacy and critical thinking.

THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF DEVELOPING CREATIVE POTENTIAL IN THE MODERN EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT: MECHANISMS FOR DEVELOPING CREATIVE THINKING AND INNOVATIVE COMPETENCE OF THE INDIVIDUAL

2026-10-18T07:31:38+00:00

This article analyzes the theoretical and practical foundations of developing an individual's creative potential in modern education. The study examines the concept of creativity, its structural components, pedagogical and psychological factors influencing creative potential, and effective methods for developing creative abilities in the educational process. Particular attention is paid to the main indicators of creative thinking, including fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration. The possibilities of using problem-based learning, project-based learning, brainstorming, case studies, discussions, reflection, and digital technologies to foster creativity are discussed. The article also provides practical recommendations for creating a creative educational environment, strengthening the facilitator role of teachers, and supporting learners' independent thinking. The findings indicate that the development of creative potential should be systematically integrated into all stages of education.

THE ESTABLISHMENT OF PUBLIC SERVICE CENTERS AND A HISTORICAL TURNING POINT IN THE SYSTEM OF PROVIDING LEGAL SERVICES TO THE POPULATION IN SURKHANDARYA REGION (2017–2025)

2026-10-14T04:21:26+00:00

The article analyzes the establishment of Public Service Centers during 2017–2025 and their historical role in transforming the system of providing legal services to the population in the Surkhandarya region. The study interprets Public Service Centers not merely as administrative points for receiving applications, but as an institutional mechanism linking justice authorities, local governance, the legal needs of the population, e-government, and a citizen-oriented service culture. The demographic growth of the Surkhandarya region, the high proportion of the rural population, the distance between districts, labor migration, family-legal relations, and entrepreneurial activity are assessed as the main factors that have increased the demand for public services. The article analyzes Presidential Decree No. PF-5278 of December 12, 2017, Resolution No. PQ-3430, Presidential Decree No. PF-6269 of 2021, Presidential Decree No. PF-113 of 2022, and Presidential Decree No. PF-80 of 2024 as the fundamental legal sources of the transformation of the public services system. As a result, it is substantiated that Public Service Centers have brought document management, the acceptance of applications, interagency electronic cooperation, and the practice of providing consultations to the population in Surkhandarya to a new stage, while the need to strengthen regional statistics, mobile services, digital literacy, and quality monitoring still remains.

INSTITUTIONAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE HEALTHCARE SYSTEM IN KASHKADARYA REGION FROM 1991 TO 2024: CHALLENGES, CHANGES, AND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS

2026-10-25T12:31:18+00:00

This article examines the institutional transformation of the healthcare system of Kashkadarya Region during 1991–2024 from a historical perspective. The legal and regulatory framework of the sector formed during the independence period is outlined in general terms, while the main focus is on 2010–2024, namely the dynamics of the medical workforce and its territorial distribution. The article also considers the financial incentives for medical workers during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020–2021) and the measures adopted in 2024 to advance the healthcare system of Kashkadarya Region to a new stage. The analysis shows that the number of doctors in the region generally increased in 2010–2024, but a considerable share of the medical workforce is concentrated in the regional centre and territorial imbalances in its distribution persist.