Oriental Journal of Social Sciences

THE IMPORTANCE OF RELIGIOUS TOLERANCE AND THE LEGAL BASIS FOR FREEDOM OF CONSCIENCE IN UZBEKISTAN

Khusen Djurayev — Tue, 03 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article examines the principles of tolerance, mutual solidarity, respect, peace and friendship between all religions, humanism, as well as the greatness of tolerance and national-religious traditions in Uzbekistan and harmony between faiths.

DEMOGRAPHIC POLICY AND ETHICS: HUMAN RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS IN THE ERA OF GLOBALISATION

Alisher Abdumannonovich Khalilov — Mon, 09 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article focuses on the ethical foundations of demographic policy and its dynamic nature in the context of globalization. The impact of state policies on human rights and freedoms under global conditions is analyzed, and the compatibility of demographic governance with ethical standards is examined. In particular, ethical and legal issues are addressed within the scope of birth control policies, migration policies, and factors affecting family institutions. Additionally, the compatibility of demographic policies with human rights in different regions is studied through comparative analysis. The article evaluates contemporary directions of demographic policy based on international legal norms and the perspectives of the UN and other international organizations. The findings of the research substantiate the relevance of ethical approaches and the principle of respecting human rights in the implementation of demographic policies.

THE ROLE OF UZBEKISTAN IN TURKEY'S GEOPOLITICAL STRATEGY IN CENTRAL ASIA

Sh. M. Murtazayeva — Tue, 03 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article is dedicated to analyzing Turkey’s foreign policy and geopolitical interests in Central Asia. In particular, it examines Uzbekistan’s role in Turkey’s regional strategy, the directions of bilateral cooperation, and the dynamics of relations within the framework of the Organization of Turkic States. Additionally, the study explores the application of soft power in Turkey-Uzbekistan relations and analyzes the key areas of strategic partnership between the two countries.

DEMOCRATIZING POLITICAL PARTICIPATION: THE ROLE OF AI IN EXPANDING VOTER ENGAGEMENT

Behruz Rustamovich Ruzimurodov — Mon, 09 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study explores Artificial Intelligence’s (AI) role in democratizing political participation by enhancing voter engagement. Using a mixed-methods approach, it examines AI-driven tools like chatbots and predictive analytics in recent elections, focusing on their impact on turnout, accessibility, and equity. The research addresses barriers such as algorithmic bias and the digital divide, proposing ethical frameworks to ensure fair implementation. Findings suggest AI can boost participation, particularly among marginalized groups, but requires oversight to mitigate risks. The study offers insights for policymakers to leverage AI for inclusive democracy.

THE SPREAD AND FORMATION OF SUFI TRADITIONS AMONG THE KARAKALPAKS (A Socio-Philosophical Analysis)

Mirjaxan Jumanazarovna Atamuratova — Tue, 24 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article examines the process of the spread and formation of Sufi traditions among the Karakalpak people. It analyzes the ways in which Sufi ideas penetrated the socio-cultural environment of the Karakalpaks, their integration with local customs and values, and their role in shaping religious identity. The article highlights, from a socio-philosophical perspective, the influence of Sufi traditions—based on Islamic spiritual principles—on the cultural and social structures of the Karakalpak people, as well as their impact on spiritual life and the formation of collective consciousness.

MEDIA DIPLOMACY IN FOREIGN POLICY: A CONCEPTUAL AND PRACTICAL REVIEW FROM UZBEKISTAN

Muslima Amonqulova — Tue, 03 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Media diplomacy is becoming increasingly important for Uzbekistan, which has a rich cultural and geopolitical history, in shaping its international image and developing bilateral and multilateral relations.

This article analyzes the concept of media diplomacy and its role in international relations. As a form of public diplomacy, media diplomacy combines traditional diplomatic routes with the mass media, influencing the opinion of the world community, resolving conflicts, promoting soft power, and strengthening international cooperation. The article also details Uzbekistan's media diplomacy strategy, its development, key participants, and role in international relations.

By analyzing state-controlled media, digital media strategies, and soft power initiatives, Uzbekistan's use of media diplomacy to strengthen its position in the region and establish dialogue with the global community was studied.

THEORETICAL APPROACHES TO THE CONCEPT OF FAMILY

Sevarakhon Akromovna Pardaeva — Mon, 09 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The family concept as a social unit has become the focus of much debate. Popular approach is to find out what is related to the family. Each family is a separate entity with its unique structure, function and requirements. It embodies and nourishes the members of society, and has a more important place than that of social institutions. The perception of the family and its functions can vary based on many different factors.and could affect the attitudes and behaviors of family mem bers. For this reason, nowadays the concept of the family health is as much important as the individual’s health. With this perspective in mind, theoretical and conceptual structure of the family will be explained in this article. Key Words: Family, family theories.

PROBLEMS OF RELIGION FND PROGRESS IN TURKESTAN AT THE VERY NEXT TIME

Shukhrat Ergashev — Mon, 09 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The article is devoted to the analysis of social and spiritual stagnation in Turkestan on the eve of the Russian invasion and its causes. Attempts were made to identify the factors that influenced the state of Islamic society of that period and the causes of the crisis.

THE ESSENCE OF THE CONCEPT OF CIVIL SOCIETY, ITS HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT, AND THEORETICAL APPROACHES

Jiengaliy Usenov, Dilfuza Bekimbetova — Tue, 24 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The article examines the essence of the concept of civil society, analyzes the historical stages of its formation, and explores major theoretical approaches. It reviews the historical evolution of the idea of civil society from ancient Greece to philosophical views of modern era scholars. Special attention is given to the impact of liberal, conservative, and social-democratic theories on civil society concepts.

IS “KHOTUN” THE MOTHER OF SHEIKH NAJMIDDIN KUBRO, MENTIONED BY ALISHER NAVOI?

Otabek Safarboev — Tue, 03 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article examines the possibility that the “Khotun” mentioned in the works of Alisher Navoi refers to a real historical figure — possibly the mother of Shaykh Najm al-Din Kubra. Drawing upon Navoi’s texts and historical sources, the author investigates the identity and significance of this woman within the spiritual and cultural context of the medieval period.

ENSURING IDEOLOGICAL SECURITY — A FOUNDATION FOR SOCIAL AND STATE STABILITY

Saida Makhamadkodirovna Karimova — Mon, 09 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article discusses how the ideological landscape of the world is changing, the emergence of new ideological threats resulting from intense geopolitical clashes between various ideologies aimed at capturing people’s attention, and the issues of countering their harmful influence and ensuring ideological security.

THE PLACE OF THE GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION OF THE LOWER COURSE OF THE AMU DARYA IN THE URBAN CULTURE OF ANTIQUE

Kh. A. Palvanov — Mon, 09 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The article discusses the role of the geographical location of the Amu Darya basin in the urban culture of the ancient period, and discusses the influence of the geography, location, and climate of the Khorezm oasis on the development process of cities.

THE THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF STUDYING FIRE SAFETY CULTURE

Soxibjon Obidovich Soliyev — Tue, 24 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The article discusses the study of fire safety culture as an important tool for understanding how organizations manage and reduce fire-related risks. This field is based on a combination of theoretical and methodological approaches to assess safety behaviors, organizational climate, and management systems that affect fire safety outcomes.

INITIAL CHANGES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC FIELDS IN THE NEW UZBEKISTAN

Utkirjon Khoshimov — Tue, 03 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article examines the changes in the fields of science in New Uzbekistan in 2017-2020, including the further development of scientific research in higher education institutions, the increasing share of higher education institutions in scientific projects conducted in the republic, the increase in the number of certificates obtained based on research results, and the positive growth indicators in the financial support of science and technology by the state, as the main reason for this.

THE INTERRELATION OF FREEDOM AND RESPONSIBILITY AND THEIR ROLE IN SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT

Gulshoda Mixliyeva — Mon, 09 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article analyzes the interconnection between the concepts of freedom and responsibility, as well as the views of scholars from different eras on these ideas. It also examines the role of freedom and responsibility in the development of societal spirituality and in the upbringing of a well-rounded individual.

THE TEACHINGS OF MATURIDISM IN THE COMMENTARIES OF THE TIMURID ERA

Khamidullo Lutfillaev — Tue, 24 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The article highlights the development of the science of kalam and the scholarly legacy of Imam Maturidi during the Timurid era, based on the written sources of that time, particularly Qur'anic commentaries (tafsirs). Using the example of the work Mavahib-i Aliyya, also known in the Islamic world as Tafsir al-Husayni, the tafsir (interpretation) of certain verses is presented and analyzed.

HUNTING AS A FORM OF ENTERTAINMENT

Arstanbek Ilebayev — Tue, 03 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

In this article, based on historical data, with the involvement of modern interpretations, it is suggested that hunting for a certain part of the population was a form of recreation from household chores, and entertainment in various forms. It could be individual or group. It could have lasted a short time, or it could have been longer. Hunting has changed historically in its essence. Many hunting tools that were used in ancient times were gradually replaced by new types of weapons. If hunting using a slingshot, a club, or a trench has sunk into oblivion. Some sports have survived to the present day, and have changed their directions and become sports – javelin throwing, archery.

Using the example of the heroic, folk epic "Manas", various types of hunting using spears, bows, and guns are shown. Using a variety of birds of prey and hounds. Using the example of the main character of the narrative and his companions, hunting is shown as a form of leisure and recreation.

FIRE SAFETY CULTURE – AS A SOCIAL-PHILOSOPHICAL RESEARCH OBJECT

Soxibjon Obidovich Soliyev — Tue, 24 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article highlights the possibility of analyzing and classifying the concept of "Fire Safety Culture" from various philosophical perspectives, and from an ethical perspective, fire safety culture is a collective moral obligation of individuals and organizations to prioritize the safety and well-being of people and property.

THE CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS OF UZBEKISTAN–U.S. COOPERATION

Habibullo Sadibaqosev — Tue, 03 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Cooperation between Uzbekistan and the United States of America is expanding, and strategic partnership relations are reaching a high level. Relations between Tashkent and Washington encompass a wide range of issues. Both sides strive to develop economic relations by expanding mutual security, science and technology, trade, and investment. There is also ongoing dialogue on issues of good governance, such as the rule of law, guarantees of civil and political rights. This article highlights the key areas of bilateral relations between Tashkent and Washington, such as domestic political and economic transformations, cooperation in security and humanitarian relations, and active policy within the “C5+1” framework.

TRANSFORMATION OF STATE-RELIGION RELATIONS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CENTRAL ASIAN REGION

Sardorbek Juraev — Mon, 09 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article reveals the influence of Islam on geopolitical processes in Central Asia, the integrative and disintegrative properties of the religious factor for the region, and the possibilities of its use at the intersection of external interests. In this article, the classical theories of Western and Eastern scholars on state-religion relations, which are still relevant and timeless, as well as the works and conclusions of several scholars from different regions who have conducted research on this topic to date, are studied and comparatively analyzed. Taking into account the possibility of external forces using the religious factor in the event of a situation that threatens sustainable development and integration in the future, preventive measures and proposals are given based on the national interests of the Central Asian region. In this regard, the role of channels operating under the guise of biased, religious propaganda, which are causing various divisions and creating a conflict environment, in influencing the capabilities of today's virtual world and the psychology of the population, is analyzed, and proposals are made to prevent conflicts arising through fanaticism.

THE CLASSIFICATION OF SCIENCES IN AL-FARABI'S WORK “IHSA AL-‘ULUM”

T. Boygaziyev — Tue, 24 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article analyzes Abu Nasr Farabi's teaching on the classification of sciences. Farabi divided the sciences into theoretical and practical areas, classifying them in an orderly manner. He showed the interdependence of disciplines such as logic, mathematics, natural sciences, metaphysics, politics and ethics, highlighting their development and importance in society. The article analyzes the system of sciences based on the work of Farabi "Ihso al ulum" and shows its role in the classification of scientific knowledge.

“DIALOGUE THROUGH HANDICRAFTS: A NEW VECTOR OF PEOPLE-TO-PEOPLE DIPLOMACY IN UZBEKISTAN–USA RELATIONS”

Otabek Alimardonov — Tue, 03 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article analyzes the role of Uzbek national handicrafts as a tool of public diplomacy on the international stage, particularly in the context of cultural exchange with the United States. Through the activities of artisans such as Aziza Tojieva and Zilola Ashurova, it examines how traditional culture is integrated with digital technologies and contributes to the formation of a positive image of Uzbekistan among American audiences. The study highlights participation in international exhibitions such as IFAM, events at the George Washington University Textile Museum, and other cultural platforms as case studies of strengthening mutual understanding and friendly ties between the peoples of both countries. The article frames handicraft activity as a promising vector of Uzbekistan’s “soft power” strategy in public diplomacy.

PHILOSOPHICAL THOUGHTS ABOUT THE FIRST CAUSE AND HUMANITY IN MUSLIM PHILOSOPHY

Shakhzod Akhmatov — Mon, 09 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article analyzes the translation of Greek science into Arabic and its introduction into Islamic philosophy. First, we will see what ideas the works of Muslim philosophers, in particular Al-Khwarizmi and Ibn Sina, gave to the science of philosophy in a historical and cultural context. In the article, we can also consider issues related to the first cause and the perfection of the human spirit. We will get acquainted with the ideas of Muslim philosophers during this period about the discovery of the basis of the universe and the true essence of man.

PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS OF GENERAL MYSTIC VIEWS IN THE RESEARCH OF Y.E. BERTELS

Maruf Govsidinov — Mon, 09 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The article analyzes the philosophical views of the great thinker Abdurahman Jomi on the science of Sufism, based on the research of orientalist scholar Y.E. Bertels. At the same time, the article reveals the specific features and stages of development of the philosophy of Sufism that developed in the Middle Ages.

THE PHILOSOPHICAL ESSENCE OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF FOLK MEDICINE IN ANCIENT EGYPT AND BABYLON

L. S. Yuldasheva — Tue, 24 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article discusses the role and importance of Egyptian and Babylonian medicine in the formation of the ancient Eastern medical system. The discovery of ancient Eastern culture, history, inventions of writing, in particular the earliest of the simplest - pictorial inscriptions, clay tablets, then more complex hieroglyphs, the historical and spiritual heritage of many literary monuments in Egypt and Babylon, including monuments of medical literature, is indicated. Folk medicine in Babylon, including the discovery of the laws of Hammurabi, the formation and development of therapeutic, surgical, dental, and other medical sciences written in Egyptian papyri, in turn, influenced the rise of Western medicine.

THE ROLE OF MODERN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE FORMATION OF THE MEMORY CULTURE OF YOUTH

Abdulboqi Khakimov — Tue, 03 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article analyzes the main directions in which the Act operates, the role of the act in the formation of a culture of memory, the attitude of society to the past, the truthful coverage of historical events as the main task of the media today. Also, the importance of memory culture for the individual, society and the state, factors affecting its formation, methods of preserving, learning and transmitting historical memory are highlighted.

THE REALITIES OF THE FINAL STAGE OF REPRESSIVE POLICIES IN THE SURKHAN REGION

Diloram Todjiyevna Yakubova — Mon, 09 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article explores the local realities of the repressive policies implemented during the final stages of the Soviet era in the Surkhan region. It highlights the political repressions of the 1930s–1950s, their impact on the socio-economic and cultural life of the area, and the severe consequences these policies had on the lives of local intellectuals, religious figures, and ordinary citizens.

INTRODUCTION OF THE CONCEPT OF "MENTALITY" INTO SCIENCE AND ITS SOCIAL-PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS

Raushana Kurbaniyazova — Mon, 09 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article discusses the introduction of the concept of mentality into scientific circulation. Human history is a process that is carried out in the process of culturally conditioned activity of individuals, social groups, and communities, the integrity and direction of which are determined by their mentality.

TRANSPLANTATION IN THE FIELD OF PLASTIC SURGERY THEIR IMPACT ON THE SPIRITUAL EDUCATION OF THE SOCIETY OF UZBEKISTAN

Muattarbonu Obidova — Tue, 24 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This work will provide prohibited types of transplantation from the point of view of the religion of Islam, as well as the constitution of our country with current examples of patients to warn other people about the sad outcome in order to prevent such operations. The main emphasis will be on the transplantation of genitals for the purpose of changing gender, we will analyze the statistics of such operations performed among Uzbeks abroad, and highlight the level of impact on society, and also, based on other people's experiences, we will show how much this type of transplantation misleads the patient.

PREVENTION OF SPIRITUAL AND MORAL ALIENATION OF YOUTH: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS

Dilmurod Khakimov — Tue, 03 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article analyzes the problem of spiritual and moral alienation among young people and its causes. The article examines the impact of factors such as globalization, the development of information technology, social inequality on youth spirituality. Also, proposals to prevent spiritual and moral alienation of young people are analyzed, including such solutions as improving the educational system, promoting national values, increasing the social activity of young people.

EXPANSION OF COOPERATION BETWEEN UZBEKISTAN AND TAJIKISTAN IN THE FIELD OF SCIENCE AND EDUCATION

Nafisa Akhmadova — Mon, 09 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The relations, mutual exchanges, historical and cultural dialogues, cooperation and agreements in the field of education between Uzbekistan and Tajikistan were covered and analyzed based on sources. The cooperation between Uzbekistan and Tajikistan in the social, cultural, scientific and educational spheres was touched upon.

SECURITY SERVICE ON THE CENTRAL ASIAN ROUTES OF THE GREAT SILK ROAD

U. Mavlonov, Kh. Yusupova — Tue, 24 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The article is devoted to highlighting the main aspects of security on the caravan routes of the Great Silk Road through the Central Asian region. It is emphasized that the security of trade caravans, embassy missions, and travelers was a constant focus of local ruling dynasties interested in the development of international economic relations. The article explores the topic based on information from ancient Chinese sources, Arab sources created in the advanced Middle Ages, European travelers, and sources from the era of Amir Temur and the Timurids.

RELATIONS BETWEEN ENGLAND AND IRAN IN THE 19TH CENTURY: POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS

I.Kh. Rakhimova — Thu, 05 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article examines the political and economic aspects of the relationship between Great Britain and Iran during the 19th century. Special attention is given to the influence of geopolitical interests, the “Great Game” between Britain and Russia, and the consequences of British policies for Iran’s internal development. The paper analyzes key diplomatic treaties, trade agreements, and the role of Britain in shaping Iran's economic and political transformations.

NATURE AND HUMAN

Abdulla Bayeshanov — Tue, 24 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article explores human ecology, the relationship between humans and nature, and the mutual influence between ecology and the environment on humans and vice versa. The social factors affecting the impact of ecology on human health and society are analyzed, and the necessity of maintaining a balanced relationship with nature and striving for sustainable development is emphasized.

YOUTH AND VALUES IN MODERN SOCIETY: FACTORS OF SOCIAL ACTIVITY

Gulnoza Karimova — Tue, 03 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

this article analyzes the role of national and universal values in increasing the social activity of young people in modern society. Special attention is paid to the formation of an active civic position of the younger generation, the expansion of its participation in social processes in society and the influence of values in spiritual and moral education. The article also highlights the role and importance of Family, Educational Institutions and civil society institutions in promoting youth activism. On the basis of scientific analysis, factors and effective guidance that positively affect the social activity of modern youth have been proposed.

PECULIARITIES OF THE POLITICAL APPROACHES OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE AND GREAT BRITAIN TO AFGHANISTAN IN THE 1870S

D. J. Urakov — Mon, 09 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article discusses the new phase of the Anglo-Russian rivalry over Afghanistan, an integral part of Central Asia, which began in the 1970s, based on deep scientific foundations. In particular, the political position of the two empires on this issue is revealed by analyzing the views of the Russian Empire's Governor-General of Turkestan von Kaufmann, one of the main decisive political figures in the Afghan issue, and the British Foreign Secretary, Count George Levison-Hoover. In addition, the US government's increased political interest in Central Asia during this period is also covered in this research.

SOCIAL STATE – PERSONAL FREEDOM AND THE FORMATION OF SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS

Zafar Saydullayevich Botirov — Tue, 24 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article provides a scientific analysis of the significance of the formation and development of social institutions necessary to ensure personal freedom and societal stability. It also demonstrates that measures aimed at promoting social justice and equality represent a key aspect and practical manifestation of the principles of a social state.