This study examines the risk factors contributing to the development of neurological complications in patients with primary hypothyroidism. The results show that elevated TSH levels, TPO antibodies, obesity (BMI >30 kg/m²), and comorbidities significantly increase the risk of complications. Environmental factors, such as poor-quality drinking water and iodine deficiency in the Aral Sea region, further exacerbate the condition. Adequate replacement therapy reduces the risk of complications by 30%. The findings emphasize the importance of regular diagnostics, correction of vitamin and mineral deficiencies, and an individualized approach to treatment and prevention.

primary hypothyroidism, neurological complications, TSH, TPO antibodies, BMI, replacement therapy, Aral Sea region, environmental factors

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