Articles
| Open Access |
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37547/supsci-ojhpl-05-12-137
PAPER OF THE KOKAND KHANATE: HISTORY OF DEVELOPMENT, PRODUCTION, AND CULTURAL SIGNIFICANCE
Khurshid Isanaliyevich Begmatov ,Abstract
The article examines the history of paper production and use in the Kokand Khanate (18th – first half of the 19th century). It explores the origins of papermaking in the Fergana Valley, main production centers (Kokand, Margilan, Andijan, Namangan), traditional technologies, areas of application (state administration, religion, education, book culture) and the reasons for the decline of the craft in the mid-19th century under the influence of Russian factory-made paper. The role of paper as a strategic resource of the state, an important element of material and spiritual culture, and its significance for understanding the level of development of the khanate and the continuity of medieval traditions is emphasized.
Keywords
papermaking, Kokand Khanate, Fergana Valley, craft, material culture, state administration, calligraphy, Islamic writing, 19th century, Central Asia.
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