This article analyzes the role of culture in shaping human behavior and economic activity from the perspective of interpreting culture not as a rational choice, but as an inherited moral skill. The author demonstrates the relativity of the traditional dichotomy between culture and social structure and substantiates how ethical norms, religious roots, and historical traditions directly influence economic efficiency. The article examines the complex relationship between cultural skills and rationality, the process of religious-moral systems transforming into trust institutions, and the role of culture in the evolution of political and economic systems. The influence of cultural differences in different societies on economic behavior, the effectiveness of institutions, and the formation of political decisions is revealed through examples. The study refutes the one-sided assessment of culture as an "irrational phenomenon" and demonstrates its profound rational essence in societal development.

Culture, moral skill, social structure, rational choice, economic behavior, Weber, Protestant ethics, trust capital, religious tradition, moral norms, economic efficiency, political culture, anthropological analysis.

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