This article provides a theoretical analysis of the influence of Greek philosophy, particularly Neoplatonism, on the formation of Sufi doctrine. The study examines the emergence of Sufism as an ascetic movement and its subsequent transformation into a comprehensive mystical and philosophical system characterized by ontological and epistemological perspectives. Special attention is paid to the translation movement through which Greek philosophical heritage entered the Islamic world and its impact on Sufi thought. The Neoplatonic concepts of emanation, absolute being, spiritual perfection, and intuitive knowledge are comparatively analyzed alongside key Sufi notions such as wahdat al-wujud, tajalli, and ma‘rifa. The article critically challenges reductionist interpretations that view Sufism merely as a product of external influences and argues for understanding it as a complex intellectual tradition rooted in Islamic and mystical foundations.

Sufism, Greek philosophy, Neoplatonism, wahdat al-wujud, emanation, ontology, epistemology, mysticism, ma‘rifa.

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