The article examines the evolution of the theory and practice of children’s rights protection in the context of digitalization. It analyzes the development of international legal standards for the protection of children’s rights, начиная with the Geneva Declaration of the Rights of the Child of 1924 and ending with contemporary international instruments regulating the digital environment. Particular attention is paid to the impact of information and communication technologies and the Internet on the realization of children’s rights, as well as to new risks associated with the digital environment, including cyberviolence, online exploitation, violations of personal data privacy, and digital inequality. The article considers the transformation of the classical theory of children’s rights and the emergence of the concept of children’s digital rights. It also explores the role of international organizations in shaping modern international standards for the protection of children’s rights in the digital era. The study concludes that international practice is shifting from a reactive model of protection toward a proactive and comprehensive approach based on the principle of “child rights by design.”

children’s rights, digitalization, children’s digital rights, international law, protection of children’s rights, Internet, digital environment, child online safety, digital inequality, international standards, UNICEF, digital inclusion.

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