This study analyzes the formation, development, and current state of Arabic terminology from both linguistic and terminological perspectives. The results show that the Arabic terminological system is a complex and multi-layered structure formed on the basis of internal linguistic mechanisms as well as external language influences. In particular, the root-based morphological system plays a crucial role in the creation of new terms. The study also examines the semantic adaptation of borrowed terms and their integration into Arabic through transliteration and calquing. The standardization process is considered an important factor in ensuring terminological consistency and developing scientific communication. Overall, Arabic terminology in the modern era develops in parallel through the enhancement of internal linguistic resources and the adaptation of international scientific terminology.

Arabic terminology; term formation; root system; semantic adaptation; borrowings; standardization; linguistics; morphological structure; language development.

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