In this article, the author analyzed a number of theoretical approaches to the definition of political parties. Political parties play an important role in the development of democracy and civil society, but there is no consensus on their definition. The article examines classical theories (for example, the approaches of Western European and CIS scientists), functional, electoral, and ideological approaches. The advantages and disadvantages of each approach will be analyzed, and its application in the context of Uzbekistan will be discussed. As a result, the author proposes a personal approach, based on the view of parties as a political structure of society.

political party, political spectrum, party system, electoral system, functional approach, structural approach, ideological approach, electoral approach, democracy and pluralism.

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