This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the ethnographic characteristics of women’s labor in Uzbek society, and manifestation within the healthcare system. The study highlights women’s participation mainly in traditional social roles, such as household duties, child-rearing, and local handicraft activities. In addition, the article examines the process by which women’s labor gradually entered collective and professional spheres-particularly the healthcare system-as a result by socio-economic development and the increasing complexity of production relations. The findings demonstrate that the historical and cultural roots of women’s labor play an important role in their modern professional activities and they substantiate the need to ensure gender equality within the healthcare system.

women’s labor, ethnography, anthropology, healthcare system, stereotype, women healers, gender analysis.

Abduraxmonova, K. R. (2024). Tibbiyot antropologiyasi o‘rganilish tarixshunosligi. Tarixiy Tadqiqotlar, 2(2), 20–33.

Badalov, A. (2023). Farg‘ona oblastidа sog‘liqni saqlash tizimi va undagi o‘zgarishlar: Tarixiy tahlil (XIX asr oxiri – XX asr boshlari) (PhD dissertatsiyasi, Andijon).

García, M. Á. (2017). La medicina en Mesopotamia antigua. Asclepio: Revista de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia, 69(2), e189. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=6304275.

Harer, W. B., Jr., & el-Dawakhly, Z. (1989). Peseshet–the first female physician? Obstetrics & Gynecology, 74(6), 960–961.

Sciental Journal of Education Humanities and Social Sciences. (n.d.). The image of the Uzbek businesswoman in documentary films of the 20th–21st centuries. Retrieved April 5, 2026, from https://scientaljournals.com/index.php/SJEHSS/article/download/15/10/29.

Kun.uz. (2024, July 26). 3,3 mln so‘mdan 14,4 mln so‘mgacha – o‘zbekistonliklarning o‘rtacha oylik ish haqi e’lon qilindi. https://kun.uz/news/2024/07/26/33 mln somdan 144 mln somgacha ozbekistonliklarning ortacha oylik ish haqi elon qilindi.

Kun.uz. (2024, November 27). O‘zbekistonda tibbiyot xodimlari qancha oylik oladi? https://kun.uz/44696514.

Mark, J. J. (2026, January 26). Medicine in ancient Mesopotamia: A gift of the gods to their people. World History Encyclopedia. https://www.worldhistory.org/article/687/medicine-in-ancient-mesopotamia/.

National Statistics Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan. (2025, November 19). The number of male doctors in Uzbekistan exceeds the number of female doctors. https://stat.uz/en/press-center/news-of-committee/65243-zbekistonda-erkak-shifokorlar-soni-ajollardan-k-pro-4?utm_source.

O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidenti huzuridagi Statistika agentligi. (2024). O‘zbekistonda xotin qizlar va erkaklar: fakt va raqamlar (89 bet). Toshkent, O‘zbekiston.

Saber, A. (2010). Ancient Egyptian surgical heritage. Journal of Investigative Surgery, 23(6), 327–334.

Shahnoza Tabib. (2023). Dala yozuvi. Farg‘ona shahri, Toshloq tumani.

Shavkat Mirziyoyev: Xalqimiz salomatligi hamma narsadan ustun va qadrli. (2022, March 18). Xalq so'zi. https://www.xs.uz/uz/post/shavkat-mirziyoev-khalqimiz-salomatligi-hamma-narsadan-ustun-va-qadrli.

UZA. (2026). O‘zbekistonda tibbiyot rivoji va zamonaviy sog‘liqni saqlash tizimi qanday shakllangan? https://uza.uz/posts/336447.

World Health Organization. (2024). Health workforce: Achieving gender equality and empowering women in the health and care workforce. https://www.who.int/teams/health-workforce/hwfequity?utm_source.

World Health Organization. (n.d.). WHO data. https://www.who.int/data.

Жураев, А. (2008). Халқ табобати (41-б.). Тошкент: Шарқ.