This article analyzes the origin of the name Phoenicia from historical, etymological, and historiographical perspectives. The study examines the use of the term Phoenicia in the sources of the Ancient Near East, Greece, and Rome, as well as its meaning, through a comparative analysis. In addition, scholarly views concerning how the Phoenicians referred to themselves, how they were named by neighboring peoples, and the connection between the term Phoenicia and the Greek word phoinix are discussed. The article also analyzes the existing theories regarding the origin of this term, their scholarly foundations, and their distinguishing features. The study seeks to demonstrate that the formation of the name Phoenicia was the result of a long historical process and that its meaning was closely connected with economic, cultural, and geographical factors. The findings of the research contribute to a deeper understanding of the historical significance of ethnonyms and toponyms in the study of the history of Phoenicia.

Phoenicia, Phoenicians, etymology, ethnonym, toponym, phoinix, purple dye, Canaan, Levant, Mesopotamia, Herodotus, Homer, Strabo, Egypt, Ancient Near East, Greek sources, Roman sources, maritime trade, cultural relations.

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