This article presents the results of archaeological excavations carried out in 2025 at the Boshmontepa site in the Oqdaryo district of the Samarkand region. A complex brick kiln was discovered and studied. The structure, internal chamber system, stratigraphy, and technological features of the kiln were analyzed. The findings indicate a highly developed craft production. The site is dated to the 19th–20th centuries.

This article examines the civil law aspects of corruption risks arising in pledge, suretyship, bank guarantees and other methods of securing obligations. The study applies comparative legal and analytical methods to examine the legislation of Uzbekistan, Germany, the United States, Singapore and Kazakhstan, together with judicial practice. The research identifies collateral valuation manipulation, conflicts of interest, affiliated relationships, weak internal control mechanisms and insufficient digital monitoring as the principal sources of corruption risks. Based on the findings, legislative proposals are developed to introduce mandatory corruption risk assessment, strengthen compliance mechanisms, improve disclosure of affiliated relationships and enhance electronic collateral registration systems.