This article analyzes Mirza Ghalib’s religious-philosophical views, Sufi thought, and the ontological and epistemological ideas reflected in his poetry. The poet’s views on unbelief and faith, existence and non-existence, divine truth, and human cognition are examined on the basis of his ghazals and letters. During the study, Ghalib’s ideas concerning wahdat al-wujud (the unity of being), Sufi contemplation, absolute reality, and human existence are explored, and it is demonstrated how his religious and philosophical thinking is harmonized with artistic and aesthetic interpretation. Furthermore, the relationship between word and meaning, multilayered semantics, and the distinctive features of creative thinking in Ghalib’s poetry are revealed.

Mirza Ghalib, Sufism, wahdat al-wujud, unbelief and faith, divine truth, ontology, epistemology, contemplation, Urdu literature.

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