Articles | Open Access | DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/supsci-ojhpl-06-09-38%20

FROM PETITION TO ALGORITHM: THE HISTORICAL EVOLUTION OF THE INSTITUTION OF APPEALS IN EASTERN STATEHOOD

Nilufar Kholliyeva ,

Abstract

The article analyzes the legal nature of digital sovereignty and digital jurisdiction based on Uzbekistan’s legislation and the experience of the European Union, Singapore, and China. Digital sovereignty is viewed as a comprehensive system covering data, infrastructure, digital platforms, algorithmic governance, and effective legal enforcement, rather than mere data localization. The study examines cross-border data flows, equivalent protection, platform accountability, and judicial oversight, and proposes a risk-based and proportionate regulatory model for Uzbekistan.

Keywords

digital sovereignty, digital jurisdiction, data localization, cybersecurity, digital platforms, cross-border data flows, judicial oversight.

References

UNCTAD. Digital Economy Report: Cross-border Data Flows and Development: For Whom the Data Flows. — United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, 2021. – p. 45-48.

Lessig L. Code: Version 2.0. — New York: Basic Books, 2006. – 410 p.

Reidenberg J.R. Lex Informatica: The Formulation of Information Policy Rules Through Technology. Texas Law Review. — Vol. 76, 1997. – p. 553-593.

Goldsmith J., Wu T. Who Controls the Internet? Illusions of a Borderless World. — Oxford University Press, 2006. – 240 p.

Fratini F. Digital Sovereignty and Cross-Border Compliance in Internet Governance. ResearchGate. - 2026.

URL:https://www.researchgate.net/publication/407137662_Digital_Sovereignty_and_Cross-Border_Compliance_in_Internet_Governance

Roberts H., et al. Achieved or Imposed? The Digital Sovereignty of Nations in the AI Era. Policy & Internet. - Vol. 15, No. 1, 2023. – p. 32-54.

Jansen B. Sovereign Cloud Infrastructure and Technological Dependency of Modern States. Digital Commons Policy. — 2024. – p. 88-112.

Floridi L. Regulating the Digital Sovereign: Principles for Cyber-Physical Systems. Oxford Review of Economic Policy. — Vol. 37, No. 2, 2021. – p. 211-235. URL: oup.com

Christakis T. "Code as Law" and Proportionality in Data Localization and Interception. European Journal of International Law. — Vol. 31, No. 4, 2020. – p. 1205-1231. URL: ejil.org

O‘zbekiston Respublikasining “Shaxsga doir ma’lumotlar to‘g‘risida”gi Qonuni, 27¹-modda. Lex.uz huquqiy qidiruv tizimi. — 2019 (2021 va 2026-yillar qo‘shimchalari bilan). – URL: lex.uz

O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Vazirlar Mahkamasining “Shaxsga doir ma’lumotlarni transchegaraviy uzatish tartibini takomillashtirish to‘g‘risida”gi 415-sonli Qarori. – URL: lex.uz

European Union. General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), Chapter V (Transfers of personal data to third countries or international organisations). Official Journal of the European Union. — 2016. – URL: gdpr-info.eu

Regulation (EU) 2022/2065 of the European Parliament and of the Council on a Single Market For Digital Services (Digital Services Act). — 2022. – Article 13 (Legal representatives). URL: europa.eu

Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC). Provisions on Promoting and Regulating Cross-border Data Flows. Official Promulgation. — 2024. – URL: cac.gov.cn

Personal Data Protection Commission (PDPC). Advisory Guidelines on Key Concepts in the PDPA. — Singapore, 2022. – Chapter 15 (Data Intermediaries). URL: pdpc.gov.sg

Article Statistics

Copyright License

Download Citations

How to Cite

Kholliyeva, N. . (2026). FROM PETITION TO ALGORITHM: THE HISTORICAL EVOLUTION OF THE INSTITUTION OF APPEALS IN EASTERN STATEHOOD. Oriental Journal of History, Politics and Law, 6(09), 355–362. https://doi.org/10.37547/supsci-ojhpl-06-09-38