This article examines the main theoretical and methodological approaches applied in the historical study of national rites. It substantiates the need to move away from the view of a rite solely as an immutable element of traditional culture. It is proposed to view the national rite as a historically evolving sociocultural practice that simultaneously reflects collective memory, ethnic identity, religious beliefs, family relations, social norms, and specific historical conditions. The article analyzes the potential of historical-genetic, comparative-historical, structural-functional, historical-anthropological, symbolic-interpretative, and memorial approaches. Particular attention is paid to the methodological potential of concepts developed by A. van Gennep, V. Turner, C. Geertz, C. Bell, E. Hobsbawm, P. Connerton, and J. Assmann. It is demonstrated that, regarding the national rites of the peoples of Uzbekistan, a comprehensive approach is most productive; this allows for the study of not only the stability of tradition but also the mechanisms of its adaptation, reinterpretation, and transformation amidst political, socioeconomic, and cultural changes. Drawing on material from Uzbek ritual culture, the article outlines the possibilities of using this approach to study the regional specifics of the Fergana Valley.

national rite, tradition, custom, historical anthropology, ethnology, ritual, transformation, collective memory, cultural memory, identity, Fergana Valley.

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