This article examines the transatlantic slave trade in the modern era in relation to the concept of “extraversion” in African history. It draws on contemporary foreign scholarship to demonstrate that during the long period of slavery, elites used external connections to increase their wealth and power, opening up new goods and ideas to societies, and fostering cultural creolization.

extraversion, creolization, historiography, slave trade, precolonialism, industrial revolution, political culture.

Ekstraversiya – (lotincha extra – tashqariga va vertere – burilmoq, yo‘nalmoq so‘zlaridan) Afrikadagi rahbarlar va elitalar o‘z hokimiyati va boyligini mustahkamlash uchun tashqi savdo va tashqi kuchlar bilan aloqaga suyanishlari;

Kreolizatsiya – (ispancha va portugalcha crioulo so‘zidan olingan) Dastlab “Yangi dunyoda tug‘ilgan yevropalik” yoki “Afrikadan olib kelingan va Amerikada tug‘ilib o‘sgan qul” ma’nosida qo‘llangan.Afrikadan olib kelingan qullar, mahalliy amerikaliklar va yevropaliklar o‘rtasida madaniyatlar aralashuvi;

Reydlar – (inglizcha) – raid qurolli yurish, bosqinni ifodalovchi harbiy atama

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