This article analyzes the formation process of the female pedagogical corps in the Samarkand region during the 1950–1980s from historical and socio-pedagogical perspectives. The study highlights the educational policies of the Soviet period, mechanisms for involving women in pedagogical activities, and the expansion of their role and position in schools and educational institutions. It also examines the professional training of female teachers, their social status in society, and factors influencing the effectiveness of their pedagogical activity. Based on historical sources, the article reveals the stages of formation and development of the female pedagogical stratum in the Samarkand region. The results of the study contribute to identifying the practical outcomes of gender policy in the Soviet education system and its regional characteristics.

This article analyzes the content and essence of the “Enlightenment against Ignorance” concept and its importance in combating radicalism and extremist ideas in society. Ignorance is a factor that hinders the development of individuals and society, and the most effective way to eliminate it is to advance science and education. A worldview formed on the basis of enlightenment and science is considered one of the key factors in protecting young people from radical ideas. The research findings indicate the necessity of forming an effective immunity against extremism by strengthening spiritual and educational work.