This article analyzes the philosophical and ethical interpretation of the concepts of reason, passion (ishq), and love in the views of the prominent polymath and philosopher Abu Bakr al-Razi, specifically presented in his renowned treatise "The Spiritual Physick" ("Tibb al-Ruhani"). The author substantiates that in al-Razi's philosophy, reason is regarded as a divine gift that elevates human beings, governs carnal desires (nafs), and serves as the ultimate criterion for attaining truth. Concurrently, the thinker's critical stance toward passionate love is uncovered, wherein he evaluates it as a disease and affliction that subjugates individuals to material pleasures, causes spiritual and physical ailments, and prevents the achievement of true happiness. The article also highlights the intersections of al-Razi's perspectives with Platonic philosophy and Islamic religious texts (Hadiths).

Abu Bakr al-Razi, reason, passion (ishq), carnal love, nafs,

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