Today, North Korea's possession of nuclear weapons, Iran's nuclear program, Russia-Ukraine in Europe, Israel-Iran in the Middle East, the age-old India-Pakistan conflict in South Asia, China-Taiwan conflict centers, the use of nuclear weapons is justified in the world community. increased the possibility and fears of the proliferation of nuclear weapons. The intensity of international conflicts remains very high, and almost all parties to these conflicts have large arsenals of nuclear weapons. In addition, in the situation of climate changes and energy problems, the increasing interest and need for nuclear energy creates security and stability dilemmas for the countries. In such conditions, research on nuclear safety issues becomes more relevant. In this article, we will try to focus and analyze the theoretical and methodological aspects of the problem of nuclear safety, with more emphasis on modern research.

Nuclear revolution, Technological determinism, Theory of rational restraint, Nuclear renaissance, Nuclear ambivalence, Optimization theory, Nuclear opportunism.

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