This article explores the epistemological properties of fiction as a specific form of social consciousness and social cognition. It examines the relationship between scientific and artistic modes of understanding reality, and analyzes the cognitive potential of fiction in the context of contemporary social philosophy, phenomenology, hermeneutics, and the theory of interpretation. It substantiates the proposition that fiction not only reflects social reality but also constructs unique forms of knowledge inaccessible solely to rational scientific research. Fiction is viewed as a unique epistemological system, uniting rational, emotional, value-based, and existential forms of understanding the world.

This article explores the ontological essence of gender equality and its manifestations within social reality from the perspective of contemporary social philosophy. Gender equality is interpreted not merely as a legal or political principle but as an essential dimension of human existence and social being. Drawing on classical and modern philosophical approaches, the paper analyzes the manifestation of gender equality in the family, education, the labour market, political institutions, and civil society. It also examines the ontological foundations of gender equality in the context of ongoing social transformation in Uzbekistan.

This article analyzes modern philosophical approaches to transforming local representative power in Uzbekistan, focusing on positivism, communitarianism, and deliberative democracy. It examines positivism's empirical, science-based governance principles, communitarianism's emphasis on community interests and social responsibility, and deliberative democracy's mechanisms for open discussion and civic participation. The practical significance of "human dignity," "mutual trust," and "subsidiarity" for local Councils' activities is substantiated. The author argues that synthesizing these philosophical approaches forms a coherent conceptual foundation for modernizing local representative power. Attention is also given to information technologies and digital platforms in democratizing local governance. The article also aims to further improve local Councils' work based on scientific, social, and democratic principles.

This article systematically analyzes the concept of civil service, its socio-philosophical essence, and its theoretical and institutional foundations. The formation of the civil service is examined within the framework of its evolution from ancient political and philosophical views to the theories of classical bureaucracy, New Public Management, digital public administration, and modern service-oriented governance. Alongside the views of foreign scholars such as Plato, Aristotle, Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Max Weber, Woodrow Wilson, John Rawls, Friedrich Hayek, Milton Friedman, David Osborne, and others, the article analyzes the perspectives of Uzbek scholars and specialists on public administration, civil service, administrative ethics, and institutional reforms. It also examines the legal and philosophical characteristics of Uzbekistan’s national civil service model based on the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On Civil Service,” Presidential decrees on public administration reforms, and relevant strategic documents. The purpose of the article is to provide an in-depth analysis of the theoretical foundations and modern definitions of the philosophy of civil service and to scientifically substantiate its content in the context of Uzbekistan.

This article analyzes the food-related traditions of the Arabs of Central Asia.

This article provides a theoretical and scholarly analysis of the interpretation of religious tolerance and interethnic harmony in the Hadiths. Based on the teachings of Islam and the Prophetic traditions, the principles of human dignity, freedom of belief, and respect for representatives of different religions and ethnic groups are examined. The study also highlights the role of religious tolerance in ensuring social stability, social cohesion, and civic solidarity. Furthermore, the significance of the Hadiths for the development of contemporary multiethnic and multiconfessional societies is substantiated from a scholarly perspective.

This article systematizes methodological approaches to studying the Baburnama as a source on the Timurid statehood. It examines two complementary research traditions: the Russian-Soviet tradition, focused on textual rigor and socioeconomic reconstruction (V.G. Tiesenhausen, V.V. Bartold, A.A. Semenov, I.P. Petrushevsky, M.A. Salakhetdinova, L.V. Stroeva), and the Western tradition, focused on discourse analysis and the study of the mechanisms of power legitimization (B.F. Manz, M.E. Subtelny, J.E. Woods, S.F. Dale), as well as the methodology of visual history applied to the illustrated manuscripts of the monument (D.J. Roxburgh). Based on this review, the author formulates a set of six methods for analyzing narrative text and three methods for analyzing visual sources, integrated into a five-level analytical procedure.

This article analyzes the political title of Temur, the great statesman and commander of the 14th century, and the issues of legitimacy in his state administration. Based on historical sources, the study discusses whether it is true that despite establishing a vast empire, Temur chose the statuses of “Amir” and “kuragon” rather than the titles of “sultan” or “khan”. The article examines the synthesis between the "Yassa" laws of the Chingizids and the traditions of Islamic statehood, as well as Temur's status in international diplomatic relations.

This article examines the fundamental philosophical problem of the interrelationship between socialization and individualization as two immanent and mutually conditioning aspects of the unified process of personality formation and development. It analyzes the evolution of philosophical views on this dualism, from ancient holism to postmodern conceptions. Particular attention is paid to the dialectical nature of their interaction, in which socialization functions as the process of the internalization of social experience, while individualization represents the externalization of the subject’s unique potential.

This article provides a socio-philosophical analysis of the axiological relationship between gender-based violence and human dignity. It examines contemporary forms of gender-based violence and their negative impact on human dignity, social justice, and the system of human rights. Particular attention is paid to the axiological foundations of the reforms implemented in New Uzbekistan aimed at promoting gender equality and enhancing human dignity. The study argues that the effective prevention of gender-based violence requires not only the improvement of legal mechanisms but also the development of moral values, legal culture, and gender awareness within society.

This article highlights disabled artels, which constitute one of the unknown pages of the cooperative movement in the history of Uzbekistan, as well as the involvement of disabled people into artels and the essence of state policy in this direction. The place and role of cooperative associations in improving the material and living conditions and social adaptation of those who returned from the fronts of the Second World War as disabled persons, pensioners, and members of soldiers' families are analyzed. The source base of the article consists of materials from the funds of the National Archives of Uzbekistan. According to the decree of the RSFSR Council of People's Commissars dated December 8, 1921, "On Social Security of Disabled Persons," disabled people who had the ability to work but were not included in state provision were granted the right to unite into production and consumer cooperatives. These cooperatives were exempted from state and local taxes. These cooperatives also played an important role in involving disabled veterans of the Second World War into labor.

This article analyzes the legal and institutional foundations of the state policy of the Republic of Uzbekistan aimed at combating alcoholism, promoting a healthy lifestyle among the population, and reducing the harmful effects of alcohol, as well as its practical results. Along with the positive indicators achieved in the field of healthcare and public safety as a result of the reforms, the article highlights the current challenges and future tasks to address them.

This article provides a philosophical and scholarly analysis of the main directions in the formation and development of the concept of spiritual perfection in Eastern philosophy. The study examines Sufism, Islamic philosophy, the philosophical heritage of Eastern thinkers, and their views on spiritual perfection through the concept of the Perfect Human (al-Insān al-Kāmil). The findings demonstrate that the theoretical foundations of spiritual perfection developed within the Eastern philosophical tradition possess significant methodological value for contemporary spiritual and moral development and for the formation of a harmoniously developed personality.

This article examines the formation and development of the judicial system in Central Asia based on Islamic law, the activities of qadis and qadi courts, and their legal status in society. It explores the functions, powers, and role of qadis in judicial proceedings in the Emirate of Bukhara, the Kokand Khanate, and the Khiva Khanate. Particular attention is paid to the impact of the colonial policy of the Russian Empire on the traditional judicial system of Turkestan. The article also analyzes the significance of qadi courts and traditional legal institutions in preserving local legal norms and judicial traditions.

This article analyzes the evolution of U.S. policy toward the states of Central Asia from the time they gained independence to the present stage. It examines the main phases of U.S.–Central Asian relations, changes in Washington’s foreign policy priorities, and the impact of international factors on bilateral and multilateral cooperation. Particular attention is paid to the role of Afghanistan in U.S. regional policy, the development of the C5+1 format, issues of transport connectivity, energy cooperation, and access to mineral resources. The article also explores the prospects of the Trump administration’s policy toward Central Asia and possible directions for the further development of cooperation between the United States and the countries of the region.

This article examines the role of social capital in shaping women's economic thinking from a socio-philosophical perspective. The study analyzes the influence of social trust, social networks, cooperation, and institutional support on women's economic decision-making, entrepreneurial activity, and innovative capacity. The research is based on socio-philosophical analysis, systems approach, comparative analysis, and content analysis. The findings indicate that strengthening social capital enhances women's economic participation, entrepreneurial initiatives, and inclusive economic development.

This article analyzes the historical and demographic factors of migration processes in Uzbekistan. The study examines economic, social, and political drivers of migration, the relationship between migration flows and industrial and agricultural development, as well as population movements and employment. Results indicate that migration processes are closely linked to socio-economic development and demographic changes.

The article examines the issues of handicrafts and trade in the city of Jizzakh on the eve of its conquest by the Russian Empire. Owing to its location at an important crossroads of the Great Silk Road, linking the Samarkand–Tashkent and Fergana directions, in the mid-19th century Jizzakh developed such craft industries as pottery, blacksmithing, weaving, leatherworking, jewelry-making, soap-making, chest-making, and sericulture, along with domestic and external trade. Based on an analysis of archival documents, oral history data, and the scholarly works of researchers, the article highlights the branches of urban handicraft, their products, production technology, and interregional trade relations.