This article analyzes the morphological, semantic, and syntactic characteristics of kāna and its related verbs described in the Alfiyya. The study examines their influence on the subject and predicate in nominal sentences, their role in forming the nominative and accusative cases, and their place within the “nawāsiḫ” system of Arabic grammar. It also compares the views of prominent scholars, including Sibawayh and Al-Mubarrad. This research highlights the significance of the verbs known as “kāna and its sisters” in Arabic grammar.

Arabic grammar, naḥw studies, Alfiyya, Ibn Malik, kāna and its sisters (كان وأخواتها), nawāsiḫ (النواسخ), auxiliary verbs (الأفعال الناقصة), morphological and syntactic features.

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