This article examines the major theoretical and practical issues facing modern terminology. The rapid development of science, technology, digitalization, and various social fields has resulted in the continuous emergence of new concepts and terminological units. In this context, the creation, selection, systematization, normalization, and standardization of terms, as well as their development in accordance with the resources and norms of the national language, represent important challenges for terminology. Particular attention is given to ensuring the accuracy, clarity, consistency, systematicity, and stability of terms. The study also addresses the adaptation of borrowed terminology to the national language, terminological variation, and synonymy. In addition, the role of electronic dictionaries, digital technologies, and corpus linguistics in the development of modern terminology is discussed. The article emphasizes that the improvement of terminological systems is essential for effective scientific communication, precise professional interaction, and the strengthening of literary language norms. The findings may be useful for linguists, terminologists, lexicographers, translators, and specialists involved in the development and standardization of terminology.

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