This article analyzes the historical formation of social institutions and their evolutionary development processes based on selforganization theory. The study highlights the structure of society as a complex system, its internal variability, the mutual adaptability of institutions, and their role in ensuring stability. Social institutions—from the family to political systems—are viewed as selfemerging mechanisms of order in society, and their functional functions, dynamics of change, and adaptation processes are scientifically substantiated. The article analyzes the mechanisms of internal institutional change based on the approaches of classical systems theorists such as Niklas Luhmann, Thomas Parsons, and Eduard Durkheim. It also highlights new challenges facing social institutions in the context of contemporary globalization and digital transformation, their capacity for selfregulation, and the process of institutional innovation. The results of the study demonstrate that the ability of social institutions to selfreform as a complex system is one of the key factors in the stability and development of society.

Social institutions, evolution, selforganization, social systems theory, institutional change, sustainable development, social adaptation, institutional system, globalization, digital transformation.

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