This article presents a comprehensive philosophical analysis of the relationship between thought and language based on ancient, Islamic, and contemporary scientific sources. It examines the role of language in shaping human thinking, its cognitive, logical, and spiritual influence on the thought process, as well as the independent functions of thinking in relation to language within various philosophical schools. Drawing on the views of thinkers such as Plato, Aristotle, Farabi, Ibn Sina, Wittgenstein, Sapir–Whorf, and Chomsky, the study analyzes three major models explaining the nature of the language–thought relationship: deterministic, universalist, and integrative approaches.

: thought, language, belief, cognitive neurophilosophy, integrative model, gnoseology, philosophical analysis, worldview, relationship between language and thought.

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