It is no secret from this article that in the process of globalization, the scale and manifestations of ideological and ideological threats are increasing. We believe it is important to highlight such cases in the period when the means of influence are increasing.

he article reveals the role of the Turkic Khaganate in the history of Central Asia, the reasons for its conquests, the processes of the conquest of the Hephthalite state, forms of government, including the problems of the conquest of the region by the Arab Caliphate.

The study of the history of the Turkic Khaganate occupies an important place in the history of our country. Its significance is determined primarily by the successful struggle of the Turkic Khaganate against the Sassanid state. The Turkic state successfully fought against the Sassanids and thereby preserved the original culture of the peoples of Turan from external threats and created conditions for its further development. Gave its name to the indigenous peoples living in the region, whose spirituality, language and traditions are uniform. This period of historical development is of great importance in educating young people in the spirit of patriotism and love for the history of our homeland, forming in them the knowledge that our national spirituality is an integral part of the spirituality of the Turkic peoples.

The state policy aimed at ensuring inter-confessional harmony in Uzbekistan, the religious confessional situation in Uzbekistan, the role of the activities of confessions in ensuring the security of the country's stable development are analyzed based on historical aspects. 

This article reviews the scientific activities and written works of Shamsuddin Samarkandi. It analyzes the current location of the scientific heritage he left behind, the year of creation, and the authorship of these works. Although the scientist was active in the field of intellectual sciences, the article primarily focuses on his works related to the science of theology and aims to provide comprehensive information about them.

Communicative competence is a process directly related to communication and culture of speech. The formation of coherent speech, which is one of the main indicators of communicative competence, largely depends on a number of psychological factors. The development of appropriate speech and speech communication constitutes the functional or communicative side of speech formation. In psychology, the main psychological criteria for successful communication are freedom, ease of communication, immediacy, flexibility and communicative compatibility. According to the analysis of psychologists, the imperfection of human speech forms is explained by the complexity of the mechanism for mastering the corresponding speech. The inability to adapt to the situation is observed in a person not only in a foreign language, but also in communication in his native language.

This article provides comments on the concepts of society, development, civilization, civilizational approach, and explains its features on a scientific basis.

The rapid advancement of technologies aimed at enhancing human biomechanical capabilities has necessitated their regulation from the perspectives of ethics and safety. This article analyzes existing regulatory gaps, successful control cases, and the legal issues concerning the provision of human biomechanical safety. It also discusses practical solutions for managing the complex areas of human capability enhancement through ethics and foresight, fostering collaboration to develop the field based on shared values for the benefit of all humanity, and improving control systems in parallel with technological advancements.

This article analyzes the changes in the extracurricular education system in the Nurota district, using the field of sports as an example. The modernization of sports facilities, the establishment of new clubs, and measures to engage youth in sports have yielded significant results.

The study examines the infrastructure of sports facilities, types of sports, the qualifications of coaches, and the achievements of athletes. The districtʼs 15 sports facilities, including sports halls, swimming pools, and football fields, contribute to promoting a healthy lifestyle among youth. The 21 sports disciplines offered by the school play an important role in the development of young people.

Coaches have trained 54 athletes who have achieved outstanding results in regional, national, and international competitions. In 2024, the youth earned 371 medals, demonstrating the effectiveness of the coachesʼ efforts and the infrastructure.

This article highlights the physical and moral development of youth through sports. The achievements of the system are not only valuable within the district but also serve as an important model for advancing extracurricular education nationwide. Plans include the construction of new facilities and preparation of athletes for international competitions. The Nurota experience plays a vital role in nurturing a healthy and goal-oriented younger generation.

Trade and economic relations between Uzbekistan and Xinjiang in the 1930s were an important element of the external economy of both regions, playing a key role in maintaining their economic stability in the context of political and social instability. The article analyzes the main directions of these relations, including commodity flows, transport routes, as well as the influence of political factors and the international situation on economic interactions between the two regions. Both institutional changes in the USSR and China and the role of external threats (for example, Japanese aggression) in determining the economic strategy of both sides are examined. The article also examines the impact of these trade relations on long-term economic processes and the development of regional infrastructures.

today it is of paramount importance to educate the future generation spiritually harmoniously. Because there will be no exaggeration if we say that the positive effect of economic reforms, which began and are deeply rooted in our country, and, moreover, to what extent the solution of such a responsible and important task as the future of building a great state, is directly related to the solution of this particular issue. The level of development of civil society in the country can be determined, first of all, through the political activity of young people and the position of citizenship. This article explores the socio-philosophical aspects of promoting social activism and tolerance in young people.

This article examines the historical stages that people with disabilities have gone through in getting an education. The principles of differentiated, integration and inclusive education are also studied, their application on the example of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Uzbekistan.

This article describes the toponymy of the Amir Temur era and the information contained in the sources written by historians of this period, important historical events, place names, and valuable information about the history of this period.

The article entitled “The contribution of scientists to the development of exact sciences during the years of independence. (On the example of Karshi State University)” analyzes the achievements of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the field of exact sciences after its independence and the role of scientists in this process. This article, in particular, studies the scientific research work carried out at Karshi State University and their contribution to the development of national sciences. The article provides detailed information about the work carried out in various faculties and scientific centers of the university, as well as highlights important discoveries and innovations achieved as a result of this work. The study shows that the contributions of our scientists to the exact sciences during the years of independence aroused great interest not only in the scientific community, but also among the general public. The article also contains recommendations and prospects for future scientific research.

The article analyzes Bo‘lat Soliyev’s article titled “In the Islamic World” published in the “Inqilob” journal in 1922. This article examines the political instability in the Arab world following World War I and the role of British influence. Bo‘lat Soliyev analyzes the struggle of Arabs for independence on the Arabian Peninsula, internal conflicts in Iraq, and the political situation in Egypt. The article also discusses the changes in British policy in response to the growing alliance between Turkey and the Soviet Union.