In this article, the balance of power in the world has changed: the topic of the most pressing problems of foreign policy is analyzed and discussed.

This article provides an analysis of bilateral relations through the system of economic and transport relations, which is of the greatest importance in the systematic renewal of relations between Uzbekistan and Japan. In addition, in the areas of special interest to Japan in its relations with Central Asia, including cooperation in the field of education, economic development of the region, political reforms, as well as in the development of cooperation, exchange and mutual relations between countries in the field of international diplomacy of energy resources, Uzbekistan and Relations between Japan reflect a continuing pattern of developing cooperation and cultural exchange.

In this article, the author analyzes the concept of a political party, the definitions expressed by many scientists regarding this concept, as well as researches the importance of a political party in society, its functions and historical formation.

In the context of globalization, the problem of ensuring regional security in the Middle East region becomes extremely urgent. Crisis and conflict situations in the Middle East region, geopolitical processes occurring in the region are discussed.

The global migration problem has become increasingly significant for Uzbekistan, given the growing complexities surrounding human mobility, particularly in the context of factors such as climate change, conflict, demographic trends, and income inequality. Such complexities not only drive more individuals to seek better opportunities elsewhere but also pose significant policy challenges at various developmental levels. This article delves into the challenges and opportunities that global migration presents for Uzbekistan. Understanding the implications of this global phenomenon for Uzbekistan is crucial for researchers to effectively address the multifaceted nature of migration and develop strategies to harness its potential benefits while mitigating its associated challenges.

Uzbekistan and Germany have embarked on a journey of enhanced cooperation, driven by mutual economic interests, cultural exchange, and strategic partnerships. This article explores the multifaceted nature of their relationship, highlighting key areas of collaboration and the potential for further growth.

This article examines the initiatives of Japanese cultural diplomacy, studying its historical foundations, modern practice and impact on international relations. Examines Japan's strategic use of its rich cultural heritage, including traditional art and contemporary pop culture, to promote its values ​​and interests abroad, and discusses the global phenomenon of anime and manga as powerful tools for projecting Japan's soft power on the world stage.

This article analyzes and discusses the topical issues of scientific analytical and fundamental research of international relations and foreign policy.

Afghanistan is a country in which the Tajik and Uzbek communities make up about a third of the population (27% and 9%, respectively)[1]. Their representatives are present in government, their moods and interests are an essential factor in politics.

Uzbeks are the third largest nation in Afghanistan. Basically, Uzbeks make up the majority of the population of 8 regions in the north of the country, where the Turkestan and Ferghana regions are located. In the 70s of the XX century, the population of Afghanistan was 16 million people, of whom 2 million were Uzbeks[1]. Currently, the total population of Afghanistan is more than 30 million people, of which data on the total number of Afghan citizens of Uzbek nationality are given in some as 3-5 million, and in some as 7-8 million[1]. Although the land of Afghanistan is multinational, it can be said that the Uzbeks have preserved their nationality very well. Even in relation to compatriots in Uzbekistan, it is safe to say that national values are developing for real.

This article describes the social status of women in Afghanistan. Their legal issues are presented, cultural and theoretical aspects, changes in the situation of Afghan women, obstacles to their liberation, as well as the opinions of Afghans on certain issues in the sphere of women's activities in society.

Pragmatic foreign policy, which emerged as a product of changes in international relations and foreign policy approaches in the conditions of fast-changing and complex globalization, today began to gain more importance with the increase of political and military conflicts. In this regard, developed countries are paying attention to the use of various modern approaches and concepts in the implementation of foreign policy.

The foreign policy of Uzbekistan was selected as the object of the article, and the place of cultural diplomacy in foreign policy was defined as the subject.

Also, the orientation of New Uzbekistan's foreign policy towards the Turkic world, the cultural and public diplomacy that it uses in practice in relation to the Turkic-speaking countries located mainly in the regions of Central Asia, was considered in the study. During the study, it was revealed that the cultural diplomacy of Uzbekistan has a special place in the interstate relations of the Turkic world. In addition, the article presents theoretical ideas about the effective influence of foreign policy and diplomacy, as well as the prospects of the soft power tool in the implementation of foreign policy.

In this article, the directions of the foreign policy of India, one of the major countries of South Asia, the state's foreign policy in the context of the transformation of modern international relations, its negotiations with the People's Republic of China on the expansion of trade and investment and border issues, the issues of accelerating relations with the countries of East Asia, the issues of giving a new impetus to the development of traditional relations with the countries of the Middle East, maintaining close strategic and economic relations with the US while taking an independent position in India's foreign policy on regional and global issues, and supporting the principle of multipolarity in the world's political and economic system were analyzed.

This article talks about the reasons for the emergence of the idea of “Pashtunistan” and its influence on the country’s internal politics. In addition, factors hindering the process of national unity in Afghanistan are analyzed.

The article is devoted to the study of the key points and prerequisites for the development of interregional cooperation between the GCC countries and the countries of Central Asia. The first Gulf and Central Asia summit held in Saudi Arabia highlighted the strengthening of strategic and political ties between geopolitically significant regions.

This article discusses the specific directions of the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the impact of this foreign policy on the regional order of the Middle East.

This article is devoted to pecularities of foreign policy of India – ‘Look East’, which has been progressing abruptly in recent years in the context of transformation of modern international relations, and it reveals that this country is striving not only for a regional, but also for a global status.

The article describes the "powers" that are gaining importance in the foreign policy of states today and are changing their position every day, their description, and their role in the US system.

Experts and worldviews are being widely recognized for the major political conflicts that have arisen due to environmental problems in Central Asia and may become acute. the situation caused by the water shortage that may occur in the near future has become one of the main directions of the policy of strengthening the system of protection of the problems of political conflicts. Researching this issue and combining it with scientific decision-making and collaboration is the most complex and necessary issue.

The article discusses the theoretical foundations of the concept of migration, the reasons for their origin, a brief history, and the problems of regulating migration flows.

This article highlights the comparative analysis of the UNO member-states positions concerning the Security Council reform. Particularly, the article shows the member states’ position about how to increase the number of permanent and non-permanent members, as well as their initiatives on improving the decision-making mechanisms.

Recently, the question of how much the mass media presented on the Internet are able to influence the formation of public opinion has often been discussed. This question concerns not only sociologists and media experts, but also political technologists who are interested in the possibilities of using online magazines, forums, blogs both in electoral technologies and in influencing the political situation in the country.

The presented article examines the differences in the creation of a regional security system in the Middle East, which are determined by historical justifications from the great powers, initial capabilities and tasks. The key features of the regional security environment affecting the configuration of power centers and contours of potential alliances in the region are analyzed. The results of the research conducted in the article include the conclusion that there is a modification of the regional security system in the Middle East – one of the most conflict-prone regions of our time. The article examines the leading states of the Middle East, which form the core of the regional security system, and identifies the main non-regional participants in the formation of the Middle East security system. The author concludes that the formation of new centers of power in the Middle East and the active confrontation of world powers in this region make it as difficult as possible to determine the contours of the current security system in this territory.

The article examines the important aspects of the efforts to solve the Afghanistan crisis, which is one of the cores of the foreign policy of the Republic of Uzbekistan during the period of independence. Taking full account of the current realities of modern global geopolitics, special attention is paid to revealing the essence of Tashkent's radically new approach to solving issues related to the Afghan problem in the following years.

The collapse of the Soviet Union led to the formation of a new geopolitical situation in the region. Today in Central Asia, the process of transformation has affected almost all spheres of life and activity of the states located on its territory. The transformation of the geopolitical order and state institutions in the space of a single centralized system forced the newly formed states to search for new development models. Of course, the creation of a regional security system in Central Asia has faced and is facing certain difficulties, and there are objective reasons for this. For example, risks, challenges and threats to the national security of the Central Asian countries are mainly caused by those problems that are of a regional nature. They are dangerous by nature and under unfavorable circumstances can create a crisis situation in the region. The issue of ensuring the national security of any state depends on its political system. It is the existing models of political systems in the Central Asian states that influence the definition of national interests and the choice of foreign policy priorities. Typically, these priorities and interests do not coincide and may be in a state of confrontation, which naturally affects the provision of national and regional security.

The importance of soft power in Turkey's foreign policy is reflected in a number of directions. In particular, state-sponsored educational scholarship programs for international students have been adopted. Due to the fact that the economic growth and development of the country directly depends on the qualified youth, many countries have redesigned their higher education systems in the global competitive environment. If we pay special attention to the example of Turkey, we can see that in recent years, strategic steps have been taken to strengthen the internationalization of Turkey's higher education system. In this regard, the article examines the main goals and future possibilities of the Turkish education system.

This article talks about the strategy of Uzbekistan's foreign policy aimed at reaching the "South", that is, the seaports of South Asia. In it, the author's opinions about the Trans-Afghan transport corridor, its importance, opportunities and some problems are presented.

In 2023, China passed a comprehensive Foreign Relations Law. While the law is intended to shape China's diplomatic relations, cultural, economic and other exchanges, as well as China's relations with the United Nations and other international organizations, the implementation of the law will be determined by (among other things) Xi Jinping's Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. The law makes clear that China's foreign relations will be carried out with the aim of maintaining its system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, protecting its sovereignty, unification and territorial integrity, and promoting its economic and social development. This revisionist “rule of law” manifesto is a direct attack on the existing rules-based international order. The new law, riddled with communist propaganda and lies, describes Xi Jinping's vision of building a new type of international relations that will allow China to reform global governance with a new order based on sovereignty that better reflects its domestic and global interests. This article examines parts of the new law to demonstrate that China's actions directly contradict the words of the law and that China views itself as above the law and the rules-based international order.

This article describes Amir Temur's military strategy and how it is interpreted in the military structure of New Uzbekistan today. In particular, it is stated in the original sources that the military tactics and strategy created by the great master who ruled in the XIV century was perfectly designed, and that this strategy was not used in the history of other rulers. The model of "Temur's rules" can be seen in every clause and article of the new General Assembly of Uzbekistan.

This article is devoted to the geopolitics of the Middle East region. The article analyzes the geopolitical importance of the Middle East region in international relations. Also, there will be a brief discussion about the political and geopolitical relations between the countries of the region, conflicts and the intervention of external forces in interstate conflicts. The influence of external forces after the Cold War on regional politics, as well as the rapprochement of the PRC with Saudi Arabia and the Islamic Republic of Iran, in turn, the processes of stabilization of the conflict between Iran and Saudi Arabia, are described.

This article explores the Jadidist movement, which emerged as the first political party on the borders of our country, as well as the emergence of this movement, its place in the socio-political life of society, and the enhancement of political consciousness and thinking among the population, ensuring political participation. This article analyzed within the framework of Lipset and Rokkan's theory of “cleavage”, advanced researchers of political parties.

Cultural diplomacy plays a crucial role in shaping the relations between India and the countries of Central Asia, serving as a bridge for mutual understanding, cooperation, and regional integration. This article explores the significance of cultural diplomacy in fostering bilateral relations between India and Central Asia. It examines historical ties, current initiatives, and future prospects, highlighting the role of cultural exchanges in promoting mutual understanding, soft power, and regional cooperation. Through analysis of cultural diplomacy efforts and their impact on various aspects of bilateral relations, the article offers insights into enhancing India's engagement with Central Asia in the cultural sphere.

The article talks about the growing mutually beneficial relations between the two countries, in particular, Uzbekistan and Azerbaijan.

The article examines the key aspects of scientific and educational cooperation of the Kyrgyz Republic with other member states of Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). The author identifies a number of factors that contribute to the development of bilateral interaction in the educational sphere with each of the SCO member countries. Cooperation between Kyrgyzstan and Russia develops due to the long experience of being in the same state, as well as the absence of a language barriers. China and Iran are actively using a “soft power” policy, which consists of creating conditions for studying Chinese and Persian languages, supporting projects in the cultural sphere, and developing academic mobility programs. Cooperation between Kyrgyzstan and neighboring countries, primarily Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan, also seems very promising, given the common historical heritage, cultural and linguistic proximity and the development of bilateral relations in various fields. Finally, the development of scientific and educational cooperation with the states of South Asia is carried out in various directions. An important factor here is the demand for Kyrgyz education among citizens of India and Pakistan, which is confirmed by official statistics. Thus, the author positively assesses the prospects for the development of scientific and educational cooperation between Kyrgyzstan and the SCO countries, since all member states of the association are interested in this.

The study is devoted to the analysis of color revolutions, identifying key aspects of social and political changes in a number of states. Covering mass protests, demands for democracy and the fight against corruption, the influence of national self-determination and economic factors on the course of events is analyzed. The consequences of the resignation of the president, the introduction of constitutional changes and the role of the army in shaping a new political landscape are considered. The study provides an in-depth look at the evolution of public attitudes and the transformations caused by them in Arab states.

This article aims to study the foreign policy of the Republic of Uzbekistan and its legal foundations and political factors. It is a program designed to further strengthen the international image and prestige of Uzbekistan, and it should be noted that the experiences of various countries are studied in depth, and internal and external risks are taken into account. The main laws and concepts presented in this article are great importance in justifying the legal and political factors of Uzbekistan's foreign policy.

This article is about the international policy of the state of Saudi Arabia. The opinions of scientists from Arab and Western countries will be discussed. Mohammed bin Salman's policies with the countries of the West and the East, together with "Vision 2030" in part.

This article examines the TransEurope-Caucasus-Asia (TRACEKA) transcontinental transport corridor, as well as its geopolitical and economic significance for Turkey, Azerbaijan, and the Central Asian countries belonging to the Turkic world. These countries have always played the role of a natural bridge for the main trade routes between Europe and Asia. These routes formed by the Great Silk Road have been diversified and modernized over the years. Despite the fact that most of the trade links between Europe and Asia are still carried out by sea transport, the importance of creating a new transcontinental transport project TRACEKA, which can compete with sea transport in Central Asia, Caspian and Black Sea regions, is being discussed. Thanks to transport and communication projects in the region, Turkish countries accelerate the processes of economic and political integration.

: This study provides an analysis of contemporary challenges in global governance, taking into account existing models of international cooperation and the need for their renewal. The work substantiates the need to revise traditional approaches to managing international affairs in favor of deliberative democracy. The idea of ​​creating a Global People's Assembly is considered, the obstacles and prospects of this project are analyzed. The role of information technology and social media in stimulating public participation and democratic processes at the global level is also examined. The study provides insight into the dynamics of contemporary global governance and offers new perspectives for the development of international relations in the context of democracy and citizen participation

This article is devoted to the analysis of the concept of institutionalization and the views of a number of well-known scientists on the institutionalization of the party system.

This article examines a new form of close interaction between society and diplomatic institutions, which has led to the fact that modern diplomacy has become, on the one hand, overly public, and on the other, restrained. This article briefly describes the history of digital diplomacy and shows the mechanisms of influence on foreign audiences. Moreover, the influence of the Internet is described to have increased significantly, providing more opportunities to manipulate public opinion and control large numbers of people, including for political purposes.

The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) promoted political freedom as an integral part of development, and this process continues today. It also recognizes that support for democracy, human rights, and governance is essential to the pursuit of freedom and national security, and to the broader social and economic development goals of the United States Agency for International Development () and the US government.

This article examines the unique aspects of the political system of the United Arab Emirates, its role in foreign policy and its participation in international relations. Also, the factors that contribute to its formation as a state to its position as a sovereign state in the international arena are analyzed.

The Taiwan issue is the most relevant and sensitive topic in China-US relations. Taiwan is one of the few issues that can potentially lead to conflict between the United States and China. This article analyzes the Taiwan issue as a central matter in contemporary Chinese and American foreign policy. The historical conflicts between China and Taiwan from World War II to the present day are examined, showing the role of the United States in escalating the issue. The evolution of Sino-American relations in Northeast Asia in the 21st century and its impact on Taiwan is also explored.

This article explores contemporary models aimed at enhancing the national security system of the Republic of Uzbekistan. It delves into the primary aspects of strategies, mechanisms, and tools utilized to ensure stability and safeguard the state's interests. Additionally, it enumerates potential threats to the national security system of the Republic of Uzbekistan, along with measures to mitigate them.

The article examines the stages of formation and development of the institutional and legal foundations of transboundary water use in Central Asia. The author made an attempt to analyze the stages of development of interstate agreements of Central Asian countries on transboundary water use. Special attention is paid to the issues of legal regulation of the construction of the Kushtepa canal and Afghanistan’s participation in transboundary water use in the region.

In this article, the approaches and theories of scientists to water, the geopolitical importance of water, water-related problems between Afghanistan and Iran, conflicts arising between the two countries due to misunderstandings in the use of water resources, the causes and consequences of existing problems, issues such as their impact on security, the status of the Helmand River today, and solutions to water issues between Afghanistan and Iran.

This scientific article explores the new period of Uzbekistan's multilateral diplomacy within the framework of UNESCO: progress in relations, diplomatic success, and prospects. UNESCO has celebrated almost 80 years of activity – 30 years of cooperation with the Republic of Uzbekistan. Along with these significant dates, the unanimous agreement of the Member States was expressed in the proposal to hold the next session of UNESCO's General Conference in Samarkand. The analysis of various foreign sources as confirmation that the success of state diplomacy is recognized at the international level, acquires scientific and practical significance for cooperation between Uzbekistan and UNESCO.

This article is devoted to the analysis of the period of cooperation between Uzbekistan and UNESCO, the activities carried out in cooperation. The purpose of the article is to study the formation of Uzbekistan-UNESCO relations, the priority directions of mutual relations and the organizational and legal aspects in this regard. the tasks of reviewing the organizational and legal foundations of cooperation between the two countries and analyzing the issues of accelerating cooperation on the implementation of the goals and tasks provided for in the UNESCO programs in Uzbekistan have been determined. Historical, systematic and logical analysis, event, and content analysis methods were used in writing the scientific article. The formation and development of cooperation between Uzbekistan and UNESCO is based on the fact that each period has its own characteristics and the need to develop new programs and projects in mutual relations. The article examines the place and role of UNESCO in preserving the material and spiritual heritage of our country, the achieved achievements, and introducing the whole world to the rich history, spiritual heritage and attractions of our country.

This article describes in detail the contribution of the Central Asian region, which is located on the Eurasian continent and is of strategic importance connecting the West and the East, to the peace process in Afghanistan. The analysis of the issues of primitive diplomacy aimed at solving the Afghanistan problem of the countries of the Central Asian region, in particular Uzbekistan, was carried out.

It is known that at the beginning of the twentieth century, serious efforts for political and cultural unification began in the Arab world. Most of the newly formed states viewed national and religious affiliation as a unifying factor in Arab unity. Thinkers such as Najib Azuri, Selim Navel, Mikhail Shuhadeh, Muhammad Abdu, Rashid Reza, Sati al-Husri, Michel Aflaq, Salahiddin al-Bitar and Akrom Haorani were considered proponents of Arab nationalism. This article analyzes the socio-political reasons for the emergence of Arab nationalism.

This article highlights the nuclear factor of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan in the security policy of South Asia and its role in issues of stability in the region. The article analyzes the dynamics of competition in the field of nuclear safety between India and Pakistan.

This author's article analyzes the global attack and its types, media, classification and methods of information warfare, and implementation mechanisms.

This article analyzes the participation of Turkey in geopolitical processes in the Middle East region.

This scientific article examines the main factors of sustainable political development, as well as scientific approaches and conceptual ideas related to this phenomenon.

This article elaborates on the Indo-Pacific concept promoted by the US. Taking into account the importance of the Asia-Pacific region and the actual importance of the region, the competition within the region and the conflict of interests of the leading powers were discussed in detail. The Asia-Pacific region is important not only for the countries of the Far East, but also for the countries of Central Asia and South Asia and a number of other countries. therefore, this region is becoming a competitive field at the global level in recent years.

The article discusses the main directions and principles of the foreign policy of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, as well as the factors shaping its diplomatic relations in the international arena.