This article analyzes the colonial policy pursued by the Russian Empire in the Turkestan region from the 1860s to the beginning of the 1880s, particularly the land and water relations in the region, on the basis of the activities and the reports on the results of a special inspection commission headed by F.K. Girs, the Privy Councillor of the Russian Emperor, which was established by order of the Russian Emperor to inspect the Turkestan region in response to a special request by Lieutenant General M.G. Chernyayev, who assumed the post of Governor-General of Turkestan in 1882. The article also reveals the subject on the basis of contemporary sources, archival documents, and studies conducted in different periods.

The article provides a socio-philosophical analysis of the social factors that ensure spiritual security in the digital space. It examines digital communication, information threats, media literacy, family upbringing, the education system, national values and the role of civil society institutions in strengthening the moral resilience of individuals and society. Spiritual security is interpreted as a complex social phenomenon related to critical thinking, moral immunity and responsible digital behavior.

The historical picture of international cooperation of Kashkadarya region in the socio-cultural sphere for 1991–2026 has not yet been described as a single system, and this creates the research problem. The purpose of the study is to identify the formation, institutionalization, and gradual expansion of these links on the basis of archival and press materials. Source criticism, historical-comparative analysis, hermeneutic interpretation, and chronological classification were applied; 37 archival documents, 12 memoranda, 9 reports, and 18 periodical press items were examined. During the analysis, 6 thematic codes were distinguished: educational exchange, cultural events, local institutions, nongovernmental initiatives, symbolic diplomacy, and digital memory. The results showed development in 3 stages: in 1991–2000 initiative contacts prevailed, in 2001–2010 institutionalization became dominant, and in 2011–2026 network expansion was the main pattern.

This article highlights the activities of masters and devoted representatives of Uzbek circus art during the Second World War. It examines the creative work of circus performers who were active in numerous cities and districts of Uzbekistan. Particular attention is paid to the fact that the first steps toward the establishment of national circus ensembles were taken during the war years, marking an important stage in the development of Uzbekistan’s circus art.

This article analyzes the geocultural relations of the Ottoman Empire (subsequently the Republic of Turkey) toward the Central Asian region during the first quarter of the 20th century. It delineates the developmental stages of cultural ties between the two regions during the eras of the Russian Empire and Bolshevik rule. Furthermore, the study examines the transition of these relations from mere cultural influence "soft power" into systematic cooperation in the fields of education and science "intellectual integration", while also investigating the underlying causes of their politicization. Utilizing new scientific sources, the article systematically elucidates the convergence of the regional Jadid movement representatives - particularly the Bukharan and Khivan Jadids with the Ottoman educational system, as well as the activities of societies such as "Komak".

This scientific article investigates the regularities of the formation of toponyms within the context of geopolitical space civilization and the historical memory of society based on an interdisciplinary synthesis. The socio-economic, linguo-cultural, landscape, and ethnic determinism (factors) in the emergence of place names are systematically analyzed. Using the example of stratigraphic layers (Sogdian, Ancient Turkic, Persian, and Arabic elements) in the sub-toponymic system of Central Asia, the functional roles of toponyms as "silent and documentary witnesses" are demonstrated. Furthermore, the article explores the transformation of cultural memory resulting from toponymic politics (renaming), the ideological deconstruction of historical space, and its consequences on the socio-cultural identification of society.

This article, based on a study of philosophical and pedagogical literature, as well as many years of teaching experience, examines the prospects for teaching social sciences and humanities in higher education. Practical recommendations are offered on which subjects and how to teach social sciences and humanities in the current context of university education.

This article analyzes the anthropological essence of terrorism and violence phenomena in modern society. Terrorism is interpreted not only as a political or legal problem but also as a complex socio-cultural phenomenon related to human nature, identity crisis, social alienation, and radicalization processes.

Ethnographic tourism, recognized in many countries of the modern global world, is one of the key branches of cultural and educational tourism. This direction of tourism serves as a catalyst for human worldview expansion, cultural comparison, and the exploration of the history and nature of one’s own country, while introducing travelers to diverse ethnocultural traditions and values. In this regard, this article focuses on the stages of formation and development of tourism in Uzbekistan, particularly its historical and ethnographic sectors, and is comprehensively illuminated based on documents from the Central State Archive of the Republic, ethnographic field research, and scientific literature.

This article analyzes the importance of the spiritual heritage of ancestors in the upbringing of children within the family. The author highlights the influence of national traditions, customs, and educational ideas of Eastern thinkers on the spiritual development of the younger generation. The article also discusses the role of ancestral spiritual heritage in forming such qualities in children as humanism, kindness, and patriotism.

This аrticlе аnаlyzеs thе еnlightеnmеnt idеаs of Mаhmudhojа Bеhbudi, а prominеnt rеprеsеntаtivе of thе Jаdid movеmеnt, еducаtor, аnd thinkеr, аs wеll аs thеir significаncе in shаping thе morаl upbringing аnd sociаl аctivity of thе youth in Nеw Uzbеkistаn. Bеhbudi’s viеws on еducаtion аnd еnlightеnmеnt, nаtionаl idеntity, pаtriotism, spirituаl mаturity, аnd civic rеsponsibility аrе еvаluаtеd аs importаnt fаctors in thе upbringing of modеrn youth. Thе findings of thе study dеmonstrаtе thе rеlеvаncе of Bеhbudi’s lеgаcy in еnhаncing thе spirituаl аnd morаl dеvеlopmеnt of young pеoplе within thе frаmеwork of Nеw Uzbеkistаn’s dеvеlopmеnt strаtеgy.

This article analyzes the processes of socio-economic and cultural integration of diasporas in a multi-ethnic society within historical and contemporary contexts. It scientifically examines the Korean diaspora relocated to the territory of Uzbekistan as a result of deportation policies, as well as the outstanding contribution of Kim Pen Hwa—belonging to this ethnic group—to industrial, agricultural, and socio-cultural life. The article also highlights the historical roots of tolerance policy in New Uzbekistan and the role of universal human values in ensuring social stability.

The article is devoted to the analysis of Russia's interest in Central Asia, as well as examining the further scenarios for the development of Russia-Central Asia relations. It reflected the opinions of leading scientists studying the cooperation of Russia and Central Asia.

This article analyzes the historical processes of the establishment and development of medical research institutions in Uzbekistan during the second half of the twentieth century. The history of the formation and development of medical research institutions in Uzbekistan is examined through the example of the Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics.

This article highlights the development of relations between the two countries in all areas, based on historical evidence, as a result of the high-level official meetings and state visits of the heads of state in the formation of cooperative relations between the two countries. It has also been revealed with the help of new evidence that, as of today, relations between the two countries have advanced to the level of "Strategic Partnership".

This article examines why the everyday environmental practices that sustain the green courtyards of Tashkent’s traditional mahallas rarely grow into city-level climate action. The urban heat island effect raises summer surface and air temperatures in the city’s dense districts by 5–7 °C relative to suburban areas, while green cover stands at only 8–10 percent of the urban territory. Drawing on urban political ecology, environmental anthropology and the concept of the “slow violence” of heat, and relying on secondary analysis of academic literature, international reports (World Bank, 2025; UNICEF, 2024) and national environmental data, the study identifies the main barriers to scaling: paternalistic expectations of the state, weak channels of civic participation, gender and age asymmetries in environmental labour, and the limited political visibility of gradual warming. The article argues that mahalla green spaces should be treated as local cooling infrastructure and connected to urban planning, citizen science and community participation.

This article provides a scientific and theoretical analysis of the role and significance of women scholars in the intellectual development of society. The study considers the realization of women’s scientific potential as an important social factor in the context of globalization, the knowledge economy, science, and innovative development. The article examines the principles of gender equality promoted by international organizations, particularly the UN and UNESCO, women’s participation in science and enlightenment in historical sources, as well as legal and institutional reforms aimed at supporting women in science and education in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The results of the study show that women scholars are important actors in enhancing society’s intellectual potential, developing innovative thinking, and enriching the scientific environment. The article concludes with recommendations for improving the support system for the scientific activities of women scholars.

This article analyzes the role of Arabic and Persian universal historical sources in studying the history of the Samanid state (819–999). The study examines the formation of the Turkic hajib elite and their influence on the state's political life, based on the works of authors such as al-Baladhuri, al-Tabari, Ibn al-Athir, al-Utbi, Bayhaqi, and Mirkhond. Furthermore, a comparative analysis is conducted on unique data regarding the governors of Fergana, court intrigues, and the relations between hajibs and viziers. The article serves the research of the history of statehood and military aristocracy during the Samanid period.

This article, using archival materials, analyzes the history of the emergence and development of sports in Uzbekistan and Uzbekistan's cooperation with Central Asian countries in the field of sports. Based on the formation of a legal framework in Central Asian countries, Tashkent initiated the Central Asian Games, with the stipulation that they be held every two years, alternately in each country in the region. The article analyzes the achievements of the first Central Asian Games in all sports, healthy competition, and the development of sports ties between the peoples of the region.

This article examines the issues of medical care of the Jizakh oasis during the Russian Empire, in particular: medical services provided to the population, diseases that arose in the oasis, measures to eliminate them, existing problems, the creation of a health care system, the construction and maintenance of hospitals, and the provision of doctors to the country.

The ideological and political influence of the Soviet government on cultural relations in the 20th century is analyzed based on sources and their activities are scientifically analyzed. This article provides information about the situation in Uzbekistan and other Soviet republics during the Soviet era, as well as how ideological influence and control were exercised through cultural relations between peoples.

This article analyzes the issue of socio-cultural identity formed in industrial cities under the conditions of globalization through the examples of the cities of Chirchiq and Angren in the Tashkent region. It demonstrates that globalization has influenced not only economic processes, but also cultural and social life, particularly contributing to the formation of a new socio-cultural environment in Soviet industrial cities. The study highlights the impact of industrialization policy, migration processes, urbanization, production relations, and the ideological system on the self-awareness of urban populations. Furthermore, the article scientifically examines how industrial enterprises, cultural and social institutions, and the educational system contributed to the formation of a common socialist socio-cultural environment among the population.

This article examines the phenomenon of hybrid cultural identity formed through clothing practices among Uzbek migrants in Germany and the United Kingdom, analyzed through ethnological and anthropological perspectives. The study is based on field observations and in-depth interviews with informants. S. Hall’s cultural hybridity theory, H. Bhabha’s ‘third space’ concept, and J. Berry’s acculturation model serve as the theoretical framework. The findings reveal the widespread prevalence of a ‘hybrid clothing style’ combining contemporary European fashion with traditional Uzbek national patterns, and that national pattern accessories – particularly neckties – have become symbolic tools for preserving and displaying cultural identity. The article demonstrates that clothing practices have become a conscious strategy for migrants to reinforce personal identity, maintain community ties, and present their culture to foreign societies. The study contributes to Uzbek migration research by enriching the topic of clothing culture and hybrid identity with new empirical materials.

This article provides a museological analysis of the exposition at the Afrasiab Museum, part of the Samarkand State Museum-Reserve, based on modern principles of museology. The exposition's approach to displaying archaeological finds in connection with their original environment and architectural reconstructions is highlighted as a major achievement. However, visual analysis reveals several issues, including inadequate targeted lighting, uniform placement of artifacts in display cases regardless of their significance, and a lack of modern multimedia tools. The article proposes scientifically grounded recommendations for aligning the museum's exposition with international standards, specifically through the implementation of focused lighting, interactive models, and advanced design solutions.

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the state of agriculture and industry in the districts of the Karakalpak ASSR, which was part of the Uzbekistan SSR, according to its natural and geographical location, based on collected literature from the 1950s to 1980s. Furthermore, the influence of the location of the districts of the Karakalpak ASSR on all sectors of the national economy, climatic conditions, resources, and the significance of the districts in the agriculture and industry of the Uzbekistan SSR were studied based on the works of historians, economists, and researchers, available archival data, and periodical press materials.